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Etymological Legend
Ch	Chinese
CT	Common Turkic
Kh	Khalkha Mongolian
Khak	Khakas
LM	Literary Mongolian
LT	Literary Tibetan
NE	Northeastern Turkic
Rus	Russian
Skt	Sanskrit

• üde- to accompany. [LM üde-]
• üger Pleiads; Ursa Major, Big Dipper, Ursa Minor. [<CT *ülker]
• ügle- to surround.
• ügü eagle owl. [<CT *ügi]
• üle- to divide, to share. [<CT *üle-]
• üleg dividing, sharing.
• üleger example, model, pattern; üleger sös proverb. [LM üliger]
• ülegerle- to borrow words. [LM üligerle-]
• üleš dividing, sharing.
• üleš- to share among each other. [<CT *üleš-]
• ületpür industry.
• ületpürčin proletarian.
• ülüg share, portion. [<CT *ülüg]
• ün sound; voice; čoon ün deep voice; čiŋge ün high voice; ünü čok dumb, mute; ünü čok düley deaf-mute. [<CT *ü:n]
• ün- to go or come out, to leave, to exit; to go or come up, to rise, to climb; to grow, to sprout (of plants); to appear (of publications); to arise (sound), to be audible; auxiliary indicating inceptive, completive; bažïŋïndan taškaar ün- to go outdoors; xoolaydan ïš ünüp tur smoke comes out from the chimney; dayïndan ün- to come out of the war; ažïldan ün- to retire; sandan ün- to put out of action, to disable; bo saazïndan iyi bloknot üner out of this paper two blocknotes can be made; aŋčïlar taygaže ünüp turlar the hunters are going out into the tayga; ažïlga ün- to come out to work; üner čer exit, source; xooraydan üner čer egress from the city; üner ĕžik exit; bo xem duu dag čanïndan ünüp čïdar this river originates from yonder mountain slope; xemniŋ üner čeri source of a river; üner dözü source; nom – biliglerniŋ üner dözü books are a source of information; üner argažok baydal hopeless situation; al’pinister Möŋgün-Tayganïŋ šiš bažïnga ünüp kelgenner the mountaineers went up to the peak of mount Möŋgün-Tayga; ïyaš ün- to climb up trees; xün ünüp kelgen the sun came up; bo čerlerge taraa eki ünüp turar the grain is growing well in these places; čaa žurnal ün- of a new journal to appear; xünnüŋ üner solun a daily paper; katkï ünüp tur laughter arises; ünerniŋ padeži ablative case; ïrlap ün- to start singing; xoradap ün- to get angry. [<CT *ü:n-]
• ündezile- to found, to base on. [LM ündüsüle-]
• ündezilen- to be based upon.
• ündezin base, root. [LM ündüsü(n)]
• ündür- to bring out, to take out; daaskaar ündür- to export; šii ündür- to bring out a theater play; nom ündür- to publish books; nom ündürer čer publisher; -DAn ündür- to remove from, to exclude from; sandan ündür- to exclude from; out-, away-; oruk ündür- ?to pave the way . [<CT *ü:ntür-]
• ündürlüg taxes.
• ündüt tax.
• üne value. [LM üne]
• ünele- to esteem, to evaluate. [LM ünele-]
• ünelig esteemed.
• üngür sonorous.
• ünnüg having sound, a voice; ünnüg kino spoken movies. [<CT *ü:nlüg]
• ünüš plant; harvest; growth. [<CT *ü:nüš]
• ünüüškün ascent; trip, tour.
• ünüštüg provided with plants.
• üŋge- (~ üŋgeele-) to crawl; čaš urug üŋgep elegeen the small child started crawling.
• üŋger- to carry in front of oneself on a horse; urug üŋger- to carry or have seated child in front of one on the horse; xoy üŋger- to carry a sheep in front of one on the horse. [<CT *öŋger-]
• üŋgert- to let carry in front of oneself on a horse.
• üŋgür hole of an animal; örge ürüŋge hole of a ground squirel.
• üŋmerleš- to crowd, to cluster; üŋmerlešpeŋer do not crowd together.
• üŋmerležiiškin crush, crowd, cram.
• üp [ühp]: dayïn üvü spoils of war, booty. [<CT *üp]
• üp-sap [ühp-sahp] possessions, goods, belongings.
• üpte- to spoil, to rob, to pillage. [<CT *üple-]
• üptekči robber.
• ür long; ür mana- to wait long. [<CT *ür]
• ür- to blow; ot ür- to blow onto the fire; xat ürüp tur the wind is blowing. [<CT *ür-]
• üre seed, germ; er üre semen, sperm; üre savazï womb, uterus. [LM üre]
• üre- to break, to destroy; to spoil, to corrupt, to violate; to disturb, to unsettle; čurumny üreveŋer don’t disturb the discipline; plan üre- to spoil a plan. [LM üre-]
• üre-tüŋ result. [LM üre-tüng]
• üre-tüŋdeldig fruitfully, with good results, effectively.
• üregde- to wreck, to destroy, to ruin. [LM üregde-]
• üren boy, fellow, lad.
• ürezin grain, seed.
• ürgü- to be frightened. [LM ürgü-]
• ürgülčü continually, regularly. [LM ürgülĵi]
• ürgülčüle- to go on continually. [LM ürgülĵi]
• ürüŋ grain; the inner part of a nut.
• üs fat, oil; balïk üzü fish oil; ünüš üzü vegetable oil. [<CT *üz]
• üs lynx. [<NE *ü:z]
• üs- (üzer) to rip, to break; üze tïrt- to rip off. [<CT *üz-]
• üs- [ühzer] to butt; üzer given to butting. [<CT *süz- ~ *süs-]
• üstü upside; karaanïŋ üstünde above his eye; üstüürten from above. [<CT *üst + poss.]
• üš three; üškü third. [<CT *üč]
• üš-buluŋ triangle.
• üt hole, gap, cut; ine üdü needle’s eye; dumčuk üdü nostril. [<CT *ü:t]
• ütte- to make a hole, to pierce, to punch, to drill, to bore.
• ütte-surga- to admonish, to exhort, to give advice, to instruct; to inspect; to agitate, to campain. [cf. CT *ötle- to advise]
• üttel- to be pierced, punched, drilled, bored.
• üttet- to let make a hole, to let pierce, punch, drill, bore.
• üttüg having holes, gaps, cuts. [<CT *ü:tlüg]
• üüle deed, work, matter, affair.
• üür cell, organisation. [LM egür]
• üür poisonous salt-marsh, saline lands.
• üüre- to break, to crumble, to split, to go to pieces. [LM üyire-]
• üüret- to break, to crumble, to split; daštï üüret- to break stones; cf. üürmekte-.
• üürge load, burden, weight; xarïïsalganïŋ üürgezi the burden of responsibility. [LM egürge]
• üürge-čükteški weight.
• üürgene roe, spawn. [<NE *üdürtken]
• üürgene species of buckwheat.
• üürgenele- to spawn.
• üürgenele- to gather buckwheat.
• üürgenelig with roe, spawn; üürgenelig balïk fish with roe.
• üürmek fine, small, tiny; fractional; üürmek balïk small fry; üürmek akša small change; üürmek aŋnar small game; üürmek sannar fractional numbers. [LM üyirmeg]
• üürmekte- to crumble, to pulverize, to crush; to change money; on rubl’ üürmekte- to change ten rubles.
• üürmekteeškin the act of crumbling, crushing.
• üürmektel- to be crumbled, pulverized, crushed.
• üürmekteliiškin the act of being crumbled, crushing, splitting up.
• üürte- to linger, to stay to long, to be delayed, to have a great deal of work or things to do.
• üye period, time; generation; sezen čïldar üyezinde in the eighties. [LM üye]
• üye-čada period, phase, stage.
• üyer flood, inundation.
• üymeen rebellion, insurrection, riot. [LM üyimegen]
• üymeenči rebel, insurgent. [LM üyimegenči(n)]
• üzük a part ripped off; a chunk. [<CT *üzük]
• üzükte- to ripp, to break off.
• üzüktelček interupted, broken (of time and space).
• üzül- (üstür) to be broken. [<CT *üzül-]
• üzüm grape, raisins. [<CT *üzüm]
• üzüt moth; üzüt-xovagan moth. [<CT *özüt]
• üže- to toss about, to turn up. [LM üĵe-]
• üžen thirty; üžengi thirtieth. [<NE *üč on]
• üžü- [ühžü-] to be cold, to freeze. [<CT *üši-]
• üžüglel primer. [LM üsüglel]
• üžük letter of the alphabet; script, writing. [LM üĵüg]
• üžük [ühžük] freezing, being frozen. [<CT *üšik]
• üžüür highest. [LM üĵügür]