M

Etymological Legend
Ch	Chinese
CT	Common Turkic
Kh	Khalkha Mongolian
Khak	Khakas
LM	Literary Mongolian
LT	Literary Tibetan
NE	Northeastern Turkic
Rus	Russian
Skt	Sanskrit

• maa cf. maŋaa hither.
• maadïr hero. [LM baγatur]
• maadïrlïg heroic.
• maagï scab, mange (in sheep).
• maak coloured ribbon (adornment on hat).
• maala- to bleat (of sheep and goats).
• maanay prayer; tomb, building over a grave.
• maas gadfly.
• maasta- ?to go past gadflies.
• maastaš- to flirt.
• madar wooden cup, bowl.
• maga xan- to be satisfied; körüp maga xan- to see enough of; oynap maga xan- to play for a long time; maga xandïr sufficiently, well; maga xandïr dïštan- to take a sufficient rest; maga xanmas splendid, marvellous; dïštanïp maga xanmas čer a wonderful place to rest.
• maga-bot body. [LM maqabud ←Skt mahā-bhūta]
• magačïn cannibal, man-eater, cutthroat, robber.
• magada- to be delighted, to be carried away with, to admire, to be amazed.
• magadaaškïn delight, enthusiasm, admiration, amazement.
• magadal delight, enthusiasm; amazement.
• magadančïg [mahgadančïg] delightful, ravishing; striking, amazing.
• magalïg wonderful, magnificent.
• magadat- to cause or let be delighted, amazed, carried away with, to cause or let admire.
• magalïg wonderful, magnificent, amazing.
• magatčok possible, maybe; ol čedip kelir magatčok maybe s/he will come.
• magazin shop. [←Rus magazin]
• magnitofon (~ magniton, ~ magïn) tape recorder. [←Rus magnitifon]
• mak praise.
• makïr very white; cf. maŋgïr.
• makïr-šončalay burnet.
• makpalčak knucklebone.
• makta- to praise. [LM maγta-]
• maktaaškïn praise, approval; gratitude.
• maktal praise, approval; gratitude. [LM maγtal]
• maktalga praise; gratitude; maktalga bižik certificate of merit. [LM maγtalγa]
• maktamčak boastful, vainglorious.
• maktan- to boast of, to swagger about, to brag of; maktanmas modest.
• maktanïïškïn self-advertisement, boasting.
• maktanïkčï boaster, braggart, show-off.
• maktat- to be praised, to evoke praise.
• mal livestock, cattle, horses; brute, coarse person; niitiniŋ mal collective livestock; mïyïstïg boda mal large cattle; šeer (čižik) mal small livestock; čaš mal young livestock; mal kažaazi farmyard; mal bažï head of livestock, total number of livestock; mal čemi fodder; mal ažïlï animal husbandry; mal-magan ?all kinds of livestock; maldar boots (lit. livestock); mal aarïg kiži utter fool; joker, jester.
• mal-sürüg livestock, herd.
• malčïn herdsman. [LM malči(n)]
• malda- to pasture livestock, to be engaged in animal husbandry.
• maldïïr hoe, mattock; chopper. [LM maltaγur]
• maldïïrla- to use hoe, to hammer, to chop. [LM maltaγurda-]
• maldïrgan angelica, Heracleum (Umbelliferae). [<CT *baltïrgan]
• malgaš dirt, filth, mud, mire; bog, swamp, marsh. [*balčïk]
• malgašta- to soil, to stain, to make dirty; to coat with, to besmear with.
• malgaštal- to be soiled, stained, dirty, coated.
• malgaštan- to soil oneself, to be dirty, coated.
• malgaštïg dirty, muddy; marshy.
• mana- to wait for, to expect, to await; to protect, to guard from; meni mana(ŋar) wait for me (you all); meni bičii manaayt wait a bit for me; meni manavïdam wait just a second for me!; meni mana daan! hey, wait up!; meni manap köre(ŋere)m please wait for me (you all); adïr mana hang on; adïr šüŋme just a sec; mal (čïlgï) mana- to guard the lievstock (herd). [LM mana-]
• manag watching, guarding of the herd or fields; night hunting (common on the salty grounds). [LM manaγa(n)]
• mančï dumplings; sibir mančïzï Siberian dumplings; mančï kïl- to prepare dumplings.
• mančï Manchu.
• mančïla- to eat dumplings.
• mančïlat- to treat on dumplings.
• manï marble.
• manï (~ manïlaa) wild cat.
• maŋ speed, race. [<CT *maŋ]
• maŋaa (~ maa) to this, to here, hither; cf. bo this.
• maŋgan very white; maŋgan ak whiter than white.
• maŋgïr very white; cf. makïr.
• maŋgïrzïn wild garlic. [LM manggir]
• maŋgïs vampire, monster, ogre, witch; parasite, sponger. [LM mangγus]
• maŋna- to run, to flee; örü-kudu maŋna- to run to and fro, here and there; maŋnaar aht racing horse.
• maŋnaš- to run or race together.
• maŋnay avant-garde, leading part of an army. [LM manglai]
• maŋnïk brocade. [LM mangnuγ ←Ch mang-lung]
• margaa wormwood, absinth, Artemesia.
• margïg quarrel.
• margïldaa match, competition, contest. [LM marγulta]
• margïłdaš- to argue, to have an argument.
• margïš argument, controversy, dispute; marğïš čok without a doubt.
• margïš- to argue, to have an argument.
• marka stamp. [←Rus marka]
• marlya gauze. [←Rus marlja]
• mart March; cf. üš ay. [←Rus mart]
• martïška marmoset; monkey. [←Rus martïška]
• maska hammer; cf. baska.
• mašina car; machine. [←Rus mašina]
• matematika mathematics. [←Rus matematika]
• material material; tudug materialï building material; iletkelge xeregleer material material used for reporting. [←Rus material]
• matč sports match; cf. margïldaa. [←Rus matč]
• matpaadïr thumb; cf. patpaadïr.
• matpaŋna- to waddle.
• may May; cf. beš ay. [←Rus maj]
• maygïn tent. [LM maiqan]
• mayïk foot; pattern (on the front of boots). [LM mayiγ]
• mayïktaaš slipper, low boot, shoe.
• mayïraŋna- to walk with a limp, to hobble.
• mayïš- to be bent (under a heavy object); to wear down (of boots or hooves).
• mayïškak bent, crooked (of tables, boxes); worn down (of footwear or hooves).
• mayka vest, singlet, t-shirt. [←Rus majka]
• maylaa (~ mayïlaa) pancreas.
• maytak knockneed, bow-legged, with crooked legs; worn-down (of boots); worn (of hooves); maytak idik worn-down boots.
• maytak-mažaalay bear (euphemism).
• maytaŋna- to walk with crooked legs, to hobble.
• maytay- to have crooked legs; to wear down (of boots or hooves).
• mažaalay bear. [←Rus Michael]
• mažak ear (of grain), left behind after harvesting. [<CT *bašak]
• mažalïk hill, mound.
• mažï cocking-piece of firearm.
• mebel’ (piece of) furniture. [←Rus mebel’]
• meči monkey; meči čïl year of the monkey. [LM meči(n)]
• mede wild lucerne.
• medee news; report, information, data, knowledge; siren, signal. [LM medege(n)]
• medeele- to inform.
• medeglel information.
• medel sense, feeling, consciousness; medelin oskun- ~ medelin ïskïn- to lose consciousness, to faint.
• medere- to sense, to feel, to be conscious.
• mederel sense, feeling, consciousness; aŋgï mederel class consciousness; mederelin oskun- to lose consciousness, to faint.
• meduza jellyfish. [←Rus meduza]
• mee brain; oor mee cerebellum. [<CT *beŋi]
• mee to me, for me; cf. men I.
• meelig having a brain; wise, clever, smart.
• meeŋ of me, mine; cf. men I.
• mees sunny side of a mountain. [Tofa mees]
• meestelček sunny (of a mountain side).
• mege [mehge] lie, cheating; lying, false. [LM meke]
• mege blight, smut (crop disease).
• mege Indian ink; cf. bege. [LM beke ←Ch]
• megeči liar. [LM mekeči]
• megele- [mehgele-] to lie, to tell lies, to cheat. [LM mekele-]
• megele- cf. begele- to thresh grain.
• megelet- to be cheated.
• melegey fool; foolish.
• melegey turtle. [LM melekei]
• men I; meeŋ my, mine; meni me; meŋee (~ mee) to me, for me; mende at me, on me; menden from me, than me; menče ~ mendive to me; meeŋ-bile with me. [<CT *ben]
• mendi safe and sound, healthy. [LM mendü]
• mendile- to greet. [LM mendüle-]
• mendiles- to greet one another.
• menyu menu. [←Rus menju]
• meŋ mole, birthmark. [<CT *beŋ]
• meŋee (~ mee) to me, for me; cf. men I.
• meŋgi glacier; perpetual snow.
• meŋne- to run up to, to jump; cf. beliŋne-.
• mer mayor. [←Rus mėr]
• merbegey excrescence above the hoof. [Mo]
• merge pole, bat (used in games).
• mergen well-aimed; cleverness. [LM mergen]
• mergežil skill, qualification. [LM mergeĵil]
• mergežilge occupation, exercise.
• mergežildig able, qualified.
• mesildeš- to have a severe dispute, polemics.
• mesildežiiškin ?quarrel, dispute, battle.
• mezi type of sword. [LM mese]
• mezil eelpout, burbot. [cf. Tofa]
• meželdir (small) hill.
• mežergen owl.
• minniičel sensible, perceptible, felt; sensitive, susceptible.
• minniiškin senses, feelings.
• minnir cf. bilin- to feel oneself; to know oneself, to be aware of oneself. [<CT *bilin-]
• minut minute. [←Rus minuta]
• mirit idiot, fool; idiotic, foolish.
• mitpek viscous, sticky, plastic.
• mitpekte- to mix (e.g. cement and clay).
• mïžïla- to sweat heavily, to be bathed in sweat.
• mïlčïra- to squelch.
• mïlčïraaškïn the act of squelching.
• mïlčïrgay squelching.
• mïlčïrtkayïn- to squelch (rhythmically); kïlaštaarga malgaš mïlčïrtkaynïp čïdar the mud is squelching under the footsteps.
• mïldïk gun; cf. boo.
• mïnaar to here, hither; mïnaar kör look here; mïnaar bar go here.
• mïnaarla- to move over here.
• mïnaarlat- to make move over here.
• mïnaartan from here, hence.
• mïnča in this degree, so much, this much; mïnča xöy so much, so many; mïnča xöy kiži kayïïn keldi? where have all these people come from?; mïnča xöy xünezinni čoor bis? do we really need so many provisions?
• mïnča- to do thus; mïnčaar bižiir xerek it is necessary to to write thus; šak mïnčaar exactly thus; bo mïnčaar near at hand, here-about, close by.
• mïnčaga up to this time, up to now, sofar; čeŋ mïnčaga batpaan up to this time, the sludge ice has not sunk; mïnčaga čedir up to this time, up to now.
• mïnčaldïr ?thus.
• mïnčangaš thus, so, in this way, therefore.
• mïnda at this, here; mïnda kat xöy here, the berries are many, there are many berries here; cf. bo this. [<CT *bunta]
• mïndaa then, just now, recently, the other day.
• mïndaagï (~ mïndaakï ) aforementioned; mïndaagï urug the aforementioned girl, this very girl.
• mïndaagïlar your honour, your excellency; honourable, respectable.
• mïndï doe (female reindeer after the first mating season).
• mïndïg like this, such, thus; mïndïg ulug dag bistiŋ čerde-daa bar boldur iyin such high mountains are situated in our contry for sure; mïndïg baydaldïg thus, in that way; mïndïg yanzïlïg thus, in that way; cf. bo this. [<CT *buntag]
• mïŋgarïl- to turn, to change direction.
• mïŋgarlïïčal mobile, manoeuvrable.
• mïŋgïrtï swing.
• mïŋgïrtïlan- to go head over heels.
• mïrïŋay quite, wholly, very; mïrïŋay šïn it is totally true; mïrïŋay šïn eves it is not true at all; mïrïŋay-la just.
• mïygak doe, female of the maral deer.
• mïygak-xaragan rhododendron, Labrador tea.
• mïyïs horn; antler. [<CT *buňuz]
• mïyïs-dumčuk rhinoceros.
• mïyïstïg horned, having horns, antlers; mïyïstïg kurt beetle.
• mïyït species of trout. [<NE *bïyït]
• mïy-ït cat.
• moga- to become tired, exhausted, fatigued, overtired, overstrained; mogapkan tired.
• mogaačal getting tired quickly.
• moldurga calf or yak calf in the second year; cf. boldurga.
• molduruk first vertebra; arrowhead.
• mombuš team work in the field in return for food. [←Rus pomoč]
• mončar collar, necktie, yoke.
• monu this; cf. bo this. [<CT *bunï]
• moŋ cudgel, club, beetle, rammer.
• moŋ already, then; düün xar čagžïk be moŋ? has it already snowed yesterday?
• moŋna- to knock or bump one’s head against; to be chopped (of a tree).
• moŋnur cf. bogdun- to be squeezed, strangled.
• moo: moo yoralïg unfavourable, unfortunate. [LM maγu]
• mooda motorcycle. [←Rus]
• mool Mongol; Mongolian; Mongolia. [LM mongγol]
• moolda- to speak Mongolian; bo kiži eki mooldaar this person speaks Mongolian well.
• mooldaš- to speak Mongolian together.
• mooma silly person.
• moon from this, whence; cf. bo this. [<CT *bundan]
• moondak bundle, bunch, bouquet.
• mooŋ of this; mooŋ užurunda therefore; cf. bo this. [<CT *bunïŋ]
• moorla- to welcome.
• moortan from here.
• moortay cat.
• mooža driving reins. [←Rus vožži]
• moroženoe ice cream. [←Rus moroženoe]
• morzuk cf. borzuk badger. [<CT *porsuk]
• motosikl motrorcycle. [←Rus motocikl]
• moyun neck; moyun söögü neck bone; moynu his/her neck. [<CT *boyun]
• moyun-dolgaar scarf.
• moyun-oraar scarf.
• moyunduruk collar. [<CT *boyïnduruk]
• možu province.
• möčü the extremities (arms and legs); dört möčü the four extremities. [LM möče]
• möčü-bot (dead) body, (human) corpse, remains.
• möčü-söök corpse.
• möčü- to die, to finish.
• mödü like; börü mödü like a wolf. [LM möd]
• möge champion, fighter, wrestler; strong. [LM böke]
• mögen hump (of a camel). [LM bökü(n)]
• mögennig humped, having a hump (of a camel); iyi mögennig teve two-humped camel.
• mögey- to bow, to prostrate; mögeyip mendileš- to bow (as a greeting). [LM bökei-]
• mölčü- to exploit; to speculate; to win money in a game of chance; kapitalister ažïlčïn aŋgïnï mölčüp turar the capitalists are exploiting the working class. [LM mölĵi-]
• mölčügdel exploitation, speculation.
• mölčükčü exploiter, speculator; exploiting, speculating; mölčükčü aŋgïlar exploiting classes.
• mölčülge exploitation, speculation. [LM mölĵilge]
• mölčüt- to be exploited; to be won (in a game of chance); mölčütken aŋgïlar exploited classes.
• möndele (~ mönedele) marmot cub. [LM möndül]
• möndür hail. [LM möndür]
• möŋge eternal; möŋge nayïral eternal friendship. [LM möngke]
• möŋgežit- to immortalize, to perpetuate. [LM möngkeĵi-]
• möŋgün silver; möŋgün suu mercury. [LM mönggü(n)]
• möögü mushroom; xorannïg möögü fly-agaric (Amanita muscaria); death-cap (Amanita phalloides). [LM mögü ~ mögüü, possibly ←Ch]
• möögüleštir like a mushroom; möögüleštir ös- to mushroom up.
• mööle- to low, to bellow; to howl, to roar.
• möön duodenum. [<CT *bögen]
• möön deep; great depth; möön sug deep river; kök möön wet to the skin; kök möön apar- to be wet to the skin, to be soaking wet.
• mööŋ wholesale; concentrated, densely; mööŋ baraan goods sold wholesale; mööŋ čon crowd; mööŋ sug reservoir.
• mööre- to low, to bellow, to roar.
• mörgü- to pray.
• mörgül prayer; worship. [LM mörgül]
• mörü success, good luck, opportunity, chance; bodunuŋ mörüzünde on one’s own, according to one’s possibility; möründe čor do what you can.
• mözü character, conduct, behaviour; morals; quality; essence; mözüzü eki of good character; mözüzü bak ~ mözüzü čok of bad character, immoral; kommunistig mözü communist morals.
• mözü-šïnar quality; essence; make-up, character; sovet kižiniŋ moraldïg mözü-šïnarï the moral maker-up of a sovet person.
• mözürgey pockmarked, pitted (face); cf. bözür.
• mugulay blockhead, dunce; dull, stupid.
• mugulayzïmaar dullish, rather stupid.
• muguldur cape, promontory; cove, bay.
• mugur blunt, obtuse; exactly; mugur buluŋ obtuse angle; mugur üš šak at three o’clock sharp; mugur beš čïl ažïldaan bis we worked for exactly five years; mugur sööm span (measure of length).
• mun- to ride, to mount; munar aht riding horse; teve mun- to smoke pot, grass (lit. to ride a camel). [<CT *bï:n-]
• munuš way of riding, going, pace.
• muŋ thousand. [<CT *bïŋ]
• muŋ stupid, silly, daft.
• muŋčuk one thousandth (0,001); tik büdün bir muŋčuk one thousandth (0,001).
• muŋgagda- to grieve, to be sad, distressed, melancholous, to yearn.
• muŋgagdal grief, sorrow, sadness, distress, melancholy.
• muŋgak sensitive; susceptible, touchy, quick to take offence; muŋgak kiži touchy person. [LM mungqaγ]
• muŋgara- to be sad, distressed, to grieve. [LM mungqara-]
• muŋgaraačal sensitive; susceptible, touchy, quick to take offence.
• muŋgaraaškïn grief, sorrow, sadness, distress, melancholy.
• muŋgaral grief, sorrow, sadness.
• muŋgarančïg sad, grieved; very, amazingly; muŋgarančïg ulug very big; muŋgarančïg čaraš amazingly beautiful.
• muŋgarat- to make sad, distressed, to cause grieve.
• muŋgargay sad, mournful, sorrowful.
• muŋgaš closed; muŋgaš doozun haze.
• muŋgaš-dïn rein, bridle.
• murgu birchbark hunting horn (a wind instrument consisting of a tube with no holes other than a small square one at the top, in which is inserted a block of wood with a corresponding groove so it becomes like a whistle; fife; angelica, Heracleum (Umbelliferae). [<NE *pïrgï]
• murgu [muhrgu] male marmot.
• murna- to go forward, to go in front; to hurry.
• murnay first, firstly, before.
• murnakčï leader; advanced.
• murnu frontside; the time before, the past; murnunga to the front, ahead; murnunda in front of; before; burungunuŋ murnunda in the past of past times, a long time ago; beš čïl murnunda five years ago; cf. burungu. [<CT *burun]
• murnuku front-; southern; former.
• murnuu front-; southern; murnuu tala southern side; murnuu čük the south; Murnuu-Afrika South-Africa; Murnuu Amerika South America; murnuu-barïïn southwestern; murnuu-čöön southeastern.
• mün soup, broth. [<CT *bün]
• mün the same, noted, aforementioned.
• münne- to eat soup.