O

Etymological Legend
Ch	Chinese
CT	Common Turkic
Kh	Khalkha Mongolian
Khak	Khakas
LM	Literary Mongolian
LT	Literary Tibetan
NE	Northeastern Turkic
Rus	Russian
Skt	Sanskrit

• očuldur- to translate.
• očuldurukču translator.
• očuldurukčula- to be translator, to work as a translator.
• očuldurt- to let translate.
• očuldurtun- to be translated.
• očulduruš- to translate together.
• oda- to bake; to heat, to kindle. [<CT *o:ta-]
• oda- [ohda-] to insult.
• odaaškïn heating.
• odaaškïn [ohdaaškïn] offence, insult.
• odag hearth; bonfire; hunter’s camp; odag sal- to erect a bonfire. [<CT *otag]
• odalga heating; bustug odalga heating with steam; odalga sezonu heating season.
• odar [ohdar] pasture.
• odar-belčiir pasture.
• odarlat- [ohdarlat-] to pasture, to shepherd.
• oduču sorcerer, sorceress.
• odug awake, waking, not sleeping.
• odun- (ottur) to wake up, to become awake. [<CT *odun-]
• odur- [ohdur-] to cut through, to chop.
• odurt- to go on a mountain slope.
• odurt- [ohdurt-] to let cut through.
• odurug path (in the mountains).
• odurug [ohdurug] line, row, rank; murnuku odurug front-lines.
• odurul- to be cut.
• oduš small birchbark trough.
• oglaa fearful, easily scared.
• oglaŋay shaft of a carriage. [←Rus oglobli]
• ogur- to roar, to bellow.
• ok [ohk] arrow; bullet. [<CT *ok]
• okkur swift; okkur aht swift horse.
• okpaŋ-čikpeŋ (~ opaŋ-čipeŋ) smart, bright, sharp, lively.
• okta truly, absolutely, perfectly, at all (only in negations); okta šïn eves it is not true at all.
• okta- to load, to charge; boo okta- to load a gun; xolalarnï okta- to fill the cartridge-cases. [<CT *okta-]
• okta- [ohkta-] to throw, to hurl, to fling, to cast; to beat, to win (at a sporting game); daš okta- to throw stones; to take a crap, to shit; granata okta- to throw a granate; kuduruk okta- to kick the bucket, to die (lit. to fling the tail).
• oktaaškïn throw, throwing, casting.
• oktargay universe, world.
• oktyabr October. [←Rus oktjabr’]
• ol that, he, she, it; olar they, those; ooŋ of that, his, her, its; aŋaa (~ aa) to him, her, it; thither; onu that, him, her, it; ïnda at him, her, it; there; oon from him, her, it; thence, thereupon; olče ~ olduva to him, her, it; thither; oom that thing of mine; ooŋ that thing of yours; oozu that thing of him, her, theirs; oovus that thing of ours; ooŋar that thing of yours, you all; ol-dur that means; ol arazïnda among them; ol deerge anyway; ol doraan immediately; ol xeveer thus, in this way; ooŋ-bile kadï together with that; aŋaa ber give it to him; aŋaa užuražïr bis we will meat with him; ooŋ-bile kadï together with that; meŋee seeŋ ooŋ čerle taarïšpas-tïr that stuff of yours does not please me. [<CT *ol]
• ol-bo a certain, this or another, some; several.
• olarnïï theirs, belonging to them.
• olbuk mattress, cushion, rug (to sit on).
• olča use, a find, a catch; gain, profit, success, good luck; aŋčïlarnïŋ olčazï hunter’s catch; olarnïŋ ölčazï čüü bolgan? what is their catch? (i.e. what child was born to them, a boy or a girl?). [LM olĵa]
• olčaan similar; likewise.
• olčalïg advantageous, profitable, lucrative.
• olur- to live, to be at a place, to sit; -(I)p olur (progressive/continuous); olurgaš (introducing direct speech). [<CT *olur-]
• olut the act of sitting; seat; ažïk čok olut sitting idle; xostug olut free place (to sit).
• olutpay lazy, idle; olutpay kiži an idle person.
• olutpayla- (~ olutta-) to be idle, withour work.
• omaaš wooden spoon. [Khakas omaš]
• omak merry, happy; lively, frisky.
• omak people, nationality. [LM omoγ]
• on ten. [<CT *o:n]
• onaalga lesson, assignment.
• onaaš- to fit; to fall on (a day).
• ončala- to check, to verify the presence (usually of livestock). [LM ončala-]
• onu that; him, her; cf. ol that.
• onza special, especially. [LM onča]
• onzagay specific. [LM ončaγai]
• oŋ you see, you know, well.
• oŋ right, right side; oŋ xol right hand. [<CT *oŋ]
• oŋ consiousness.
• oŋ- to fade, to wither. [<CT *oŋ-]
• oŋgar- to restore to consiousness.
• oŋgašta- to hollow out.
• oo stinking fluid (from marter-like animals); poison. [<CT *agu]
• oo emphatic particle; ritual discourse marker found in tales.
• oo-xoran poison, poisonous; pungent, very salt.
• ooda even if, although.
• oodurba bran. [←Rus otrubi]
• ook- (oogar) to get poisoned (e.g. of food products). [<CT *aguk-]
• ool son; young of an animal; oglu his/her son; ool duŋma younger brother; oglunuŋ oglu grandson; adïg oglu bear cub; dagaa oglu chick (young chicken); kuš oglu nestling; xavan oglu piglet. [<CT *ogul]
• oola- to go in a certain direction.
• oola- to release a stinking liquid.
• oolak small child. [<CT *oglak]
• oolčugaš little boy.
• ooldug having a son, sons, young.
• oon from him, her; thence, thereupon; cf. ol that.
• oon-moon from here and there; from all sides.
• ooŋ of that, him, her; cf. ol that.
• ooŋuu his, hers; bo ton ooŋuu this garment is his, hers; ooŋuu-bile according to him, her; ooŋuu-bile bis šïn xödelgen-dir bis according to him, we acted right.
• oor thief. [<CT *ogur]
• oor- to break down.
• oorga spine, back; mountain ridge; roof beam; oorga čünü spinal marrow; oorga söök backbone. [<CT *oŋurtka]
• oorgala- to warm the back (on a bonfire).
• oorgalïg having a back; oorgalïg sanday chair.
• oorgulaštïr thievish.
• oorla- to steal, to be a thief, to rob, to pilfer. [<CT *ogurla-]
• oorlaaškïn stealing, theft, pilfery.
• oorlan- to steal, to be a thief.
• oorlaš- to steal together; to steal from one another.
• oorlat- (~ oorlattïr-) to let steal; to be robbed. [<CT *ogurlat-]
• oortan from there, thence.
• ooruk colar bone; the broad border of coloured ribbons, sewn onto the middle of the upper part of an old woman’s dress. [<CT *ogrug]
• ooruk wretched.
• ooržu thief; thieving.
• ootpak burdock.
• oozu that thing of him, her, it, theirs; cf. ol that.
• oožum quiet, slow; quietly, slowly; Oožum Okean the Pacific.
• op cunning, guile; ruse. [LM ob]
• opčok mad, crazy, wild; opčok ok stray bullet.
• optug cunning; dexterious.
• opta- to be cunning; to deceive. [LM obla-]
• or < olur; orar < olurar; orda < olurarda; organ < olurgan; cf. olur- to sit.
• or- to tear; ora tïrt- to tear into pieces.
• ora-soma ghost.
• oraa- to wrap up, to wrap around; to wind around, to twine. [LM oriya-]
• oraalga wrapper, cover, packing. [LM oriyalγa]
• oraaš- to get into confusion (threads); to curl, to wind (of plants); to bother, to be importune.
• oraaškak confused, tangled (of thread); obtrusive (of a person).
• oraaškïn foot-binding (worn instead of socks).
• oraaškïnna- to put on foot bindings.
• oraaštïg obtrusive, importune; tricky, scheming; over-free, unduly familiar; oraaštïg aytïrïg tricky question; oraaštïg kiži over-free person.
• oraaštïr- to make confused, tangled up (thread); to lash, to whip.
• oraat- to make wrap up, wind around, twine.
• oraattïn- (~ oraan-) to wind oneself around, to twine oneself around, to wrap oneself up.
• oralakčï deputy, vice-.
• oraldaš- to try, to strive.
• oran country, state; earth, world; place, region; üstüü oran upper world; aldïï oran nether world; xün oranï paradise; aza oranï hell. [LM orun]
• oran-delegey world. [Mo]
• oran- to snort (of horses).
• oray late; oray küzün late in autumn. [LM oroi]
• orba the rattle on a shaman’s drum.
• orbak torn, holey (of clothes); cf. oruk.
• orbandï ice-hummock, block of ice. [cf. LM orbun]
• ordu palace. [<CT *ordu]
• orgaaday ginseng. [LM orqudui]
• orgak improvident, quick and hastily done.
• orgak [ohrgak] chronical disease.
• organ organ; minniiškin organnar senses, organs of sense. [←Rus]
• orgu [ohrgu] smooth, level.
• orgulaaš plain, level spot.
• orlan smart, lively, frisky, capable, adroit, bold; orlan kiži a smart person.
• orluučal breakable.
• orna- to change, to exchange, to barter. [<CT *orna-]
• ornaaškïn exchange.
• ornat- to have changed, exchanged, bartered.
• ornukšut- to bury, to inter.
• orta [ohrta] normally, as follows.
• orta [orta ~ ohrta] there, at that place; then, at that time, moment; as soon as.
• ortaa middle; Ortaa čöön čük the Middle-East; ortaakï being in the middle, middle-.
• ortaa-mergen middle finger (in games).
• ortu middle; dün ortuzunda in the middle of the night; ortuzundan from among; ulustuŋ ortuzundan üngen maadïr a hero who stood up from among the people. [<CT *orto]
• ortuluk island. [*ortuluk]
• ortun middle; ortun akïzï the middle brother.
• ortumak middle, medial, average; ortumaa-bile on average.
• ortun middle; ortun akïzï the middle brother; ortun ool middle one of the sons.
• ortun-kara dear one, beloved, sweetheart.
• oru gadfly larva.
• oruk journey; road, path; oruk aytïr sïldïs guiding star, lodestar; čer adanïŋ demir oruu underground, metro. [<CT *orok]
• oruk cf. orbak torn, holey (of clothes).
• oruk-čečee plantain.
• orun bed; place; ornunga in stead of. [<CT *orun]
• orus Russian.
• os wind fallen wood; jam, obstruction in a river.
• oskun- to drop, to let go of; to let slip; to lose; medel oskun- to faint away.
• oš prediction.
• oška- to kiss. [<CT *okša-]
• ot fire. [<CT *o:t]
• oht grass. [<CT *ot]
• otčugaš flame, light.
• ohtkar- to pasture cattle. [<CT *otkar-]
• otkula- to kindle.
• otryad section. [←Rus otrjad]
• ohtta- to graze. [<CT *otla-]
• ottug having fire; ottug dag volcano.
• ottug-ïyaš matches.
• ottuk (steel) flint; ottuk dergizi ~ bižek dergizi small strap for fastening the steel and knife to te belt. [CT *otluk]
• ottul- to heat, to stoke; suugu ottul- to heat the oven; ottular čüül fuel; suuk ottular čüül fuel oil; kadïg ottular čüül solid fuel; ottular čüül kurlavïrï fuel resources.
• ottur- to wake up, to awaken, to arouse.
• otturt- to cause to or let wake up, awaken.
• otturukču alarm clock.
• ovaa heap, mound; ceremonial pile. [LM oboγa(n)]
• ovaarïmčalïg careful.
• ovur attitude, manner, bearing.
• oxaay well-well.
• oy lowland, valley. [CT *o:y]
• oy dun, isabel (horse coat). [<CT *oy]
• oy anniversary. [LM oi]
• oy (of a coat) light; oy ton light fur coat (made from sheep skin with the wool grown after the spring shearing); slight overcoat.
• oy oh!; oy kančaarïŋ ol?! oh, what have you done?!; kažarïn körem oy oh, how cunning s/he is!
• oy- to hit through, to hit a hole into, to pierce. [CT *o:y-]
• oy- to walk around.
• oybak hole, opening.
• oybun blot, stain; spot, patch (on animal’s coat).
• oyda-kayda garrulous, talkative.
• oyla- to chase away, to drive away.
• oymak glade, light spot in the woods. [<NE *oymak]
• oyna- to play, to joke. [<CT *oyna-]
• oynaar-kïs doll.
• oynaarak toy; doll.
• oyt oh!; oyt kančaarïŋ ol! oh, what is it you are doing!
• oyta düš- to go back on one’s promise, to retract one’s promise; to suddenly turn back.
• oytala- to refuse.
• oytay- to lean back.
• oytayt- to throw back, to fold back, to retract.
• oytur okta- to throw one down on both shoulder blades (in wrestling).
• oyuk hole, gap.
• oyulgan ulcer.
• oyun game, play. [<CT *oyun]
• oyun-baštak joke, game.
• oyunzak playful.
• oyuš- to distort, to bend.
• ozal slow, hesitatingly.
• ozala- to be slow, to be hesitant.
• ozalaaš aside; ol turlag oruktan ozalaaš that camp aside from the road.
• ozalda- to be too late for; ol čïïstan ozalda- to be too late for that meeting.
• ozaldïg dangerous.
• ozaŋ wind fallen wood; obstruction in a river.
• ozuk pickaxe, hoe.
• ozuruk rootlets (of a bulbous plant).
• ožuk trivet, tripod to cook upon. [<CT *o:čok hearth]
• ožuk [ohžuk] snow (on the branches of a tree).