S

Etymological Legend
Ch	Chinese
CT	Common Turkic
Kh	Khalkha Mongolian
Khak	Khakas
LM	Literary Mongolian
LT	Literary Tibetan
NE	Northeastern Turkic
Rus	Russian
Skt	Sanskrit

• sa properly, as it should be.
• saada- to be delayed, to delay, to linger. [LM saγata-]
• saada- to sit down, to be seated, to settle; saadap körüŋer be seated please.
• saadaaškïn delay.
• saadak quiver. [LM saγadaγ]
• saadal delay. [LM saγatal]
• saadat- to cause to be delayed, to delay.
• saam the act of milking. [<CT *sagïm]
• saamčï- of the breast to fill with milk.
• saan milch cow.
• saančï milkmaid, milker; milch animal; saančï inek milch cow.
• saančïla- to work as a milkmaid, milker.
• saar side, flank; saarï čarïlgïže semiri- (of a horse) to grow stout, to put on flesh. [<CT *sïŋar ~ *saŋar]
• saar part of the foot near the toes.
• saar [soft leather]; kara saar idik black, soft leather boot. [LM saγari(n)]
• saar- to cool (down); to winnow (grain); to put into circulation (money); to sell at a profit.
• saarzïk odd (number); one of a pair; saarzïk san odd number; saarzïk sapïk odd boot, single boot, boots that are not of one pair.
• saaskan magpie; saaskan izi xar thin layer of snow, powdery snow. [<CT *sagïzgan]
• saat delay; hindrance, impediment, obstacle; saat čok(ka) without delay, at once; saat užuraštïr- to prevent, to impede. [LM saγad]
• saat mastix of the larch tree used as chewing gum; ear wax. [cf. CT *sakïz]
• saat carotid artery.
• saattal- to become pregnant.
• saattalïïškïn pregnancy.
• saattan- to become pregnant.
• saattanïïškïn pregnancy.
• saattïg with delays, impediments, hindrances.
• saattïg pregnant; saattïg kiži pregnant woman.
• saavïr instruction; saavïr al- to receive or obtain instructions.
• saazïïr large knife, chopper (for cutting up meat).
• saazïn paper. [LM čaγasu(n)]
• sad garden. [←Rus sad]
• sadar-samïïn prostitution.
• sadïg trade, commerce, business; shop, store; ahš-čem sadïï provisions shop; nom sadïï book store. [<CT *satïg]
• sadïgla- to go shopping.
• sadïgžï trader, merchant, dealer, salesperson. [<CT *satïgčï]
• sag- (saar) to milk; saar inek milch cow. [<CT *sag-]
• sagaa gonorhoea. [LM saqaγu]
• sagaala- to suffer from gonorhoea.
• sagaan white; cf ak. [LM]
• sagï- to observe, to protect. [LM saki-]
• sagïl vow; sagïl čettir- to take one’s monastic vows. [LM sakil]
• sagïldak without saddle, bare-back; cf. čavïdak.
• sagïn- (saktïr) to remember, to recall. [<CT *sakïn-]
• sagïndïr- to let know beforehand, to give advance notice, to warn; to remind; to give the impression or appearance of, to seem; oruk meŋee dïka uzun ïškaš sagïndïrgan the road seemed very long to me.
• sagïndïrïg notice, warning, reprimand; xöy-niitiniŋ sagïndïrïïn ber- to give a public reprimand; sagïndïrïg ber- to give the impression, appearance of.
• sagïïzïn talisman, amulet. [LM sakiγulsu(n)]
• sagïš thought, mind, character, intention; sagïška kir- to come to mind, to recall; sagïš aarïï mental illness; sağïs amïr peace of mind; sagïš aarï- to be very upset, anxious, troubled; to regret, to repent. [<CT *sakïš]
• sagïš-setkil mind, character, spirit; sagïš-setkil ködürlüüškünü enthusiasm; sagïš-setkil kattïžïïškïnï solidarity.
• sagïštïg having an intention; ak sagïštïg having good intentions, good, kind; bak sagïštïg having bad intentions, unkind, evil; kara sagïštïg evil. [<CT *sakïštïg]
• saglaŋ branchy, forked (of shrubs); tousled (of hair); double (of flowers).
• saglaŋayïn- to stir, to move, to sway, to heave, to flutter, to quiver (rhythmically).
• saglaŋna- to stir, to move, to sway, to heave, to flutter, to quiver.
• saglaŋnat- to let stir, move, sway, heave, flutter, quiver.
• saglay- (of shrubs) to be branched, forked; (of hair) to be tousled.
• saglayt- to tousle (the hair).
• sak the end of a bow; üstüü sak upper end of the bow; aldïï sak lower end of the bow.
• sak grain (unripe).
• sakpak lower ribs.
• sakpïŋ saucepan.
• saksagay horse’s fetlock.
• saktïïškïn memory.
• sal raft, float. [<CT *sa:l]
• sal facial hair; segel salï beard; erin salï moustache. [<CT *sakal]
• sal- to place, to put, to lay, to apply; to release; to make up; ört sal- to set fire to; sorulga sal- to set the task of; čüve bürüzün čïdar čeringe sal- to put a thing in its proper place; bažïŋ tavaa sal- to lay the foundations of a house; egezin sal- to make a start with, to begin; nomnu polkaga sal- to put the book on the shelf; bumba sal- to apply cupping glasses; čiŋ sal- to apply a compress; akša sal- to stake money (in a game of chance); bižik demdee sal- to apply punctation marks; aytïrïg sal- to ask a question; šïdïraa sal- to play chess; ahttï sal- to release the horse; aht sal- to take a crap, to shit. [<CT *sal-]
• sal-čülüür razor, blade.
• salaa finger; biče salaa little finger; dörtkü salaa ring finger, fourth finger; ortaa salaa (~ ortaakï salaa) middle finger; aytïr salaa index finger. [LM salaγa(n)]
• salaa-saygit hand.
• salbïr division, branch. [LM salburi]
• salčï rafter, ferry-man.
• salda- to raft, to float on a raft.
• saldar influence.
• saldarlïg influential.
• saldïn- to be released, to be set.
• saldïr- to let or make to place, put, lay, apply, to let release. [<CT *saltur-]
• salgakčï successor, heir, follower.
• salgal heritage, legacy.
• salgïn weak wind, soft breeze. [LM salki(n)]
• salïg turn, round, game; xüreštiŋ birgi salïï the first round in wrestling; söölgü salïg final game.
• salïïškïn contribution; ertemge ünelig salïïškïn membership contribution.
• salïkčï depositor; second (in a duel or match).
• salïm fate, destiny, fortune.
• salïm-čayaan talent, ability, endowment.
• salïm-čol talent, ability, endowment.
• salïmnïg talented, gifted.
• salïš- (~ salčïr) to put together, to assemble; to help put together; to run (away); to set free; ïŋay-beer salïš- to run hither and thither; bïzaalarnï salčïr sen you must help me to set free the bull calfs.
• salïštïg: salïštïg kiži good chess player.
• sam Buddhist mask dance. [LM sam ←LT]
• saman adobe. [←Rus saman]
• sambïŋ abacus; sambïŋga sana- to count with an abacus. [LM sampin ←Ch]
• sambïŋna- to count with an abacus.
• sambïra blackboard. [LM sambar ←LT]
• samdar tattered, torn.
• samïïn uprising, revolt, insurrection, rebellion, mutiny, riot. [LM samaγu(n)]
• samïïnnar rebels, insurgents, mutineers, rioteers.
• samna- to perform a sports dance (before Tuvan wrestling); to take part in a religious dance; to dance.
• samolyot airplane. [←Rus samolet]
• san number, quantity, account; büdün san whole numbers; üürmek san fractional numbers; san ertemi mathematics; kiži sanï number of people. [<CT *sa:n]
• sana- to think, to consider; to count, to calculate. [<CT *sa:na-]
• sanal supposition, suggestion. [LM sanal]
• sanal-onal opinion. [LM sanal-onol]
• sanalda- to offer, to propose; to hold a speech.
• sanat- to let think, consider, reckon, count, calculate; to be thought, considered, counted, reckoned; to be registered, to register oneself.
• sanattïn- to be thought, considered; to be counted; sanattïnmas unthinkably, incalculably.
• sanattïr- cf. sanat- to let think, reckon, count; to be thought, reckoned, counted, registered.
• sanday chair. [LM sandali ←Ir]
• saŋ incense. [LM sang]
• saŋ finances, treasure. [LM sang ←Ch]
• saŋmal milk beverage, dairy drink (collective name for sour milk, kumyss, arak, etc.).
• sap lymph.
• sapïk (high-)boot. [←Ru sapog]
• sapuluut fence. [←Rus zaplot]
• sara light bay (horse coat).
• saraat stack, rick, pile.
• saradak yearling maral (Siberian deer).
• sarala (< sara ala) skewbald, yellowish (horse coat). [cf. LM saral ~ saγaral]
• sarapsal rhubarb.
• saray barn.
• sarbaa one-year-old foal (born in autumn). [LM sarbaγa]
• sarbaškïn monkey; European. [LM sarmaγčin ~ sarbačin]
• sargar- to become yellow, to turn yellow. [<CT *sargar-]
• sargï tick. [<NE *sakar(t)kï]
• sargïyak third stomach, omasum. [<CT *sarkïňuk]
• sarï buzzard. [LM sar]
• sarïg yellow; blond; sap-sarïg very yellow. [<CT *sa:rïg]
• sarïg-arï wasp.
• sarïg-kuduruk field-mouse; tobacco (lit. yellow tail).
• sarïg-kundus beaver; otter; sarïg-kundus keži beaver fur.
• sarïg-öyek species of lizard.
• sarïg-šažïn Buddhism (the yellow faith).
• sarïg-sug whey, butter-milk; serum.
• sarïg-suglan- of buttermilk to form.
• sarïgzïmaar yellowish; cf. sarïmzïk.
• sarïïl reason, mind, intellect.
• sarïïldïg reasonable, wise.
• sarïïm dear, loved, beloved.
• sarïmzïk yellowish; cf. sarïgzïmaar.
• sarlïk yak. [LM sarlug]
• sarlïk-dege species of mouse (living in rock holes).
• sartïk present, gift.
• saržag (< sarïg čag) butter.
• saska heap of flat stones arranged in a figure (usually on a mountain); stone sarcophagus.
• sat- to sell; sadïp al- (~ sadïval-) to buy, to purchase. [<CT *sat-]
• sattïn- to be for sale; to sell oneself.
• sattïnïkčï traitor.
• sattïr- to let sell.
• sava bowl, vessel; urug savazï uterus. [LM saba]
• sava- of horses to shake the head.
• sava- to strike, to fluff up, to whisk. [LM saba-]
• savaŋ straw.
• savaŋ soap. [LM sabung ←Ir]
• savaŋna- to lather.
• savar thread (in weaving).
• savïl big wooden bowl, vessel.
• saygar- to disassemble, to investigate, to try to make out, to analyse; to transpose, to rearrange; to market, to sell.
• saygarïl- to be analysed, rearranged, marketed; to settle down to married life.
• saygarïlga analysis; rearrangement; marketing; domak saygarïlga sentence analysis.
• saygarïn- to analyse, rearrange, market oneself.
• saygarïš- to analyse, rearrange, market together.
• saygarlïkčï businessman, trader.
• saygart- to let analyse, rearrange, market.
• saygartïn- to analyse, rearrange, market oneself.
• saygartïr- to let analyse, rearrange, market.
• sayïr pebbles, shingle; dried-up river-bed, covered with pebbles.
• savïyaa morocco leather. [←Rus saf’yan]
• say pebbles, shingle; shoal, bank; say čaš girl’s braid; say ïyaš young tree, sapling.
• say kernel (of a cedar nut or sunflower); ak say tooruk nut with a white (unripe) kernel; kara say tooruk nut with a dark (ripe) kernel; kaldar say tooruk nut with a kernel with brown and yellow spots, (ripening).
• saya million; cf. million. [LM saya ←LT]
• sayak ambler; sayak aht ambler. [LM sayak]
• sayakta- to amble.
• sayïïrgak conceited.
• sayïram covered with pebbles.
• sayït noble, official. [LM said]
• saylïk a species of bird, wagtail.
• sayzïraŋgay extended, widely distributed, well developed.
• sazaŋ (of plants) trmpled down; (of clothes) threadbare, shabby.
• sazaŋnal- (of plants) to be trampled down; (of clothes) to be threadbare, shabby.
• seek fly. [<CT *siŋek]
• seen the thread of a cross-bow.
• seenek yearling he-goat.
• seeŋ of you, your; cf. sen you.
• seeŋii yours; bo nom seeŋii be? is this book yours?; seeŋii-bile with yours; seeŋii-bile bolgay aan may it be with yours.
• segel chin.
• segi cf. seri awning.
• segi- to improve, to become better, to take a turn for the better, to get well, to recover.
• segilde fattening, being well-fed (of livestock).
• segir- to snatch, to seize.
• segirtilge hunting battue; cf. segit.
• segit cf. segirtilge hunting battue.
• segley- to heave, to sway, to wave, to flutter; to be spread out; (of hair) to become loose, to become tousled, dishevelled.
• segleŋeyin- to heave, to sway, to wave, to flutter.
• segleŋne- to heave, to sway, to wave, to flutter; xattan ïyaštar segleŋeynip turgan the trees were swaying in the wind.
• segleŋnet- to let heave, sway, wave, flutter.
• sek carrion, corpse; remains; asshole, bastard; čadïrnïŋ segi remains of a cabin; köŋgüs melegey sek tir sen aa! you are a complete lying bastard! (lit. you are absolutely a foolish corpse). [LM seg]
• sek punctuation mark; ulug sek full stop, dot; biče sek comma; xöy sek three dots (to mark omission); büdün čartïk sek semi-colon; iyi sek colon.
• sekpil freckle.
• seksiirge yearling lamb with long wool.
• seleme saber, sword. [LM seleme]
• seleske cf. xeleske lizard.
• selgüüste- to talk a walk, to stroll. [LM selgüče-]
• seli- to replace, to substitute for, to exchange; turupkan ahttï selip al- to replace a tired horse.
• semiri- to grow fat (of animals). [<CT *semiri-]
• semis fat. [<CT *semiz]
• sen you; seeŋ your; seŋee to you, for you; seni you; sende at you, on you; senden from you, than you; senče ~ sendive to you; seeŋ-bile with you. [<CT *sen]
• senči bolt, latch, catch. [LM senĵi]
• senčile- to bolt, to latch. [LM senĵile-]
• senčilig locked with a bolt, latch, catch.
• seŋee to you, for you; cf. sen you.
• sep channel (branch of a river).
• septe- to repair, to mend; idikterni septe- to repair the boots.
• septe- to stop, to cease (of the rain).
• seree fork. [LM serege]
• seremči vigilance, caution. [LM seremĵi]
• seremčilel vigilance, caution.
• seremčileldig vigilant, cautious.
• seremčilig vigilant, cautious.
• sereŋgi match, matches. [←Rus serjanki]
• serge castrated he-goat. [LM serke]
• serge- to be awake, to bestir. [LM serge-]
• sergek alert, awake. [LM sergeg]
• seri awning, shed; cf. segi. [←Ir]
• seriin cool, refreshing. [LM serigün]
• ses eight; ses dugaar the number eight; iyunnuŋ sestiŋ xünü June 8; sestiŋ biri one eighth. [<CT *sekiz]
• seski eighth; seski odurug eighth row.
• setki- to think, to conceive, to symphatize with, to treat kindly.
• setkil thought, mind, spirit, feeling. [LM sedkil]
• setküül literary journal. [LM sedgül]
• sezen eighty; sezengi eightieth. [<CT *sekson]
• sezik suspicion, doubt. [LM sesig ~ seĵig]
• sezin- (sestir) to be rather afraid, to be careful not to; to suspect.
• sidik urine, pee, piss; teve sidii beer (lit. camel piss). [<CT *siddük]
• sidikte- to pass urine, to urinate, to pee, to piss.
• sigen hay; grass.
• siilber cutting, pattern.
• siir sinew, tendon. [<CT *siŋir]
• sigiš- [sikčir] to have sex together, to screw, to fuck. [<CT *sikiš-]
• siler you, you all; you (polite). [<CT *siler]
• silgi- to shake, to tremble. [LM silge-]
• silgin- to shake oneself. [<CT *silkin-]
• silig clean, tidy. [<CT *silig]
• simidaan sour cream. [←Rus smetana]
• siŋ- to soak into, to be absorbed; to assimilate. [<CT *siŋ-]
• siŋir- to absorb. [<CT *siŋür-]
• siŋmir- to blow one’s nose. [<CT *simgir-]
• siŋnik- to consider carefully, to scrutinize; to embody, to incarnate; to join, to be sympathetic to.
• sirge nit. [<CT *sirke]
• sirile- to shake, to tremble, to shiver.
• sirilet- to shake, to tremble, to shiver.
• sirt spine, back; mountain range. [<CT *sïrt ~ *sirt]
• sivir- to scrape.
• sivirtkiiš (~ sivirtiiš) scraper; cf. süürtüüš.
• sïdïm leather lasso.
• sïgï whistle, whistling, hissing (sound) (e.g. of a bullet, the wind).
• sïgïr narrow; sïgïr karaktïg kiži person with narrow eyes; sïgïr oktug boo small calibre gun; sïgïr daŋ bažïnda very early, at the crack of dawn.
• sïgïr- to whistle. [<CT *sï:kïr-]
• sïgïrga oriole.
• sïgïrtaa small wooden pot.
• sïgït whistling style of throat singing.
• sïïga- (of a river, water) to become shallow or low, to subside.
• sïïk shallow.
• sïïla- (of a wolf, storm) to howl, (of a bullet) to whistle.
• sïïn maral deer, elk. [<CT *sïgun]
• sïïn- (sïŋnïr) to press close, to draw closer. [<CT *sïgïn-]
• sïïr- to swallow, to gulp. [<CT *siŋür-]
• sïïrgak lower leg (of animals). [cf. LM sigira]
• sïïrtïn- ?to swallow, to gulp.
• sïïrtkïïš (fish) hook, fishing rod.
• sïïrtkïïšta- to fish, angle.
• sïk- to break something.
• sïk- [sïhk-] (sïgar) to squeeze, to press, to pinch. [<CT *sïk-]
• sïksï- to caulk; to fill, stop (holes).
• sïksïg material for caulking or filling holes (e.g. moss, hemp, wool).
• sïkta-: ïglap-sïkta- to vehemently cry, to weep. [<CT *sïkta-]
• sïlda- to find a reason, cause, motive, pretext for; to pretend, to simulate, to make use of an opportunity, to use as; cf. sïldagla-. [LM silta-]
• sïldag reason, cause, motive; oytalaar sïldag tïppa- to find no reason for rejection, refusal. [LM siltaγ]
• sïldagla- cf. sïlda- to find a reason, to make use of an opportunity.
• sïldan- of children to be chronically ill.
• sïldangï illness (in children), ill; sïldangï urug sick child.
• sïldïs star. [<CT *yïlduz]
• sïmïraačï sorcerer, sorceress, wizard, witch.
• sïmïran- to whisper.
• sïn mountain range.
• sïn- to break, to become broken. [<CT *sï:n-]
• sïnïk broken; break, fracture; sööktüŋ sïnïï fracture of the bone. [<CT *sï:nuk]
• sïŋ- to fit in, to be contained, accommodated; bo zalga bir muŋ kiži sïŋa beer a thousand people fit in this hall, this hall accommodates a thousand people; aaska sïŋmas söster obscene words; kayaa-daa sïŋmas kiži unaccommodating, unsociable person. [<CT *sïg-]
• sïŋïš- (sïŋčïr) to fit in together. [<CT *sïgïš-]
• sïŋïy bladder; sïŋïy kulaa ureter.
• sïŋmarlaš- to crowd, to throng.
• sïp [sïhp] handle, stem; bižek sïvï knife’s handle; baldï sïvï handle of an axe. [<CT *sap]
• sïpta- to provide with a handle; to put into; ine sïpta- to thread a needle.
• sïr: sïr dedir back to front; exactly opposite; sïr öske completely different.
• sïra dead wood; pole, stake.
• sïrbay- to shiver with cold; čïrïï sïrbay- ?to smile.
• sïrbïk squirrel.
• sïrga earring. [<CT *sïrka]
• sïrï spark (in forging iron).
• sïrïn current of air, light breeze, draught; plaintive, doleful song. [<CT *sarïn]
• sïrïngï epizootic, epidemic disease in animals.
• sïrïnna- to blow (of a gentle breeze).
• sïrïy compact, compressed, close together, dense.
• sïrta- to put under one’s head (pillow).
• sïrtïk cushion, pillow; support, prop, rest; urug sïrtïï afterbirth, placenta.
• sïska- to strain, filter (fluids).
• sïstïk pillow. [<CT *yastuk]
• sïvïr- to roll up one’s sleeves.
• sïy- to break something; buduk sïy- to break a twig. [<CT *sï:-]
• sïybïžïk little finger.
• sïydooluka saddle. [←Rus sedelka]
• sïyïk broken; interrupted.
• sïyïŋayïn- ?to squeak.
• sïyt-sïyt tweet-tweet (sound of whistling).
• sliva plum. [←Rus sliva]
• sodak the traditional attire of a (Tuvan) wrestler; cf. šuudak. [LM siγudaγ]
• sogu- to click the tongue; to rattle one’s teeth; to crack nuts.
• sogug [sohgug] a slap, beating.
• sogun arrow; sogun ïškaš xönü direct as an arrow.
• soguna onion, chives; tayga sogunazï wild onion. [LM songgina]
• sogur blind. [LM soqor]
• sogurar- to be blind.
• sogurart- to make blind.
• soguš a fight; cf. čoguš.
• soguuškun a bit, a snif.
• soguuškun [sohguuškun] a slap, beating.
• sok- (sogar) to hit, to strike, to slaughter; auxiliary indicating a slight action; demir sok- to forge iron; šarï sok- to slaughter an ox; mal sogar čer slaughter-house; sogar mal slaughter-animals; sop ölür- to beat to death; bižiy sop aldïm I jotted it down; uduy sop algan he took a little nap. [<CT *sok-]
• soksa- to stop, to cease, to discontinue, to come to an end.
• soksat- to cause to stop, to put an end to.
• sok-sok shoo! (exclamation to shoo off a dog).
• sokta- to pound, to beat, to knock, to crack, to husk, to shell; of birds to peck; dus sokta- to pound salt; ežikti sokta- to knock at the door; maska-bile sokta- to beat with a hammer; taraa sokta- to husk the wheat; xöm sokta- to curry leather.
• soktal- to be husked.
• soktan- to beat, knock oneself.
• soktaš- to pound, beat, knock, husk together.
• soktat- to let or cause to pound, beat, knock, husk.
• soktattïn- to beat, knock oneself.
• soktattïr- to let or cause to pound, beat, knock, husk.
• soktun- to strike or knock against; to smoke drugs, marihuana [cf. Rus udarjat’sja to addict oneself to].
• soktur- to let beat, to have somebody beaten. [<CT *soktur-]
• sol peace, rest.
• sol left. [<CT *so:l]
• solagay left; left-hander; solagay xol left hand; solagay tala left side; solagay erik left shore. [LM soloγai]
• solaŋgï glow. [LM solongγa rainbow]
• solaŋgï weasel. [LM solongγa]
• soldat soldier; soldat xep soldier’s uniform. [←Rus soldat]
• solu- to change, to replace, to shift. [LM soli-]
• solun newspaper; interesting; solun čugaa interesting talk. [cf. LM sonin]
• soluš- (solčur) to exchange.
• soma rough draft, outline, sketch; illegible track, undecipherable imprint; simplified, schematic; conventional; soma čuruk sketch, outline, schematic drawing.
• somala- to do roughly (in general outline, in a simplified manner), to make a rough draft; somalaan simplified, schematic, sketchy.
• somna- to rough-hew, to cut coarsely.
• sonuurga- to be interested in. [LM sonirqa-]
• sonuurgal interest. [LM sonirqal]
• soŋ end, rear; after; soo (< soŋu) its end; ažïldïŋ soo the end of the work; baštïŋ soo back of the head, occiput; sudnonuŋ soo the poop of a ship; poyezdiniŋ soo the rear coaches of a train; soŋ daarta afterwards, later on; soonga after; soonda after; oon soonda then, afterwards; ooŋ soonda in the end, finally; koncert soonda kino-čuruk baza körgüsken after the concert they showed a movie too; ažïl doozulgan soonda, oyunnar kežeezi bolgan after the work was finished, there were entertaining evenings; soondan from behind, from the rear, after, following; soondan kör- to look from behind; olarnïŋ soondan čorupkan men I went following them; soonče after, following; soonče kör- to follow with one’s eyes. [<CT *soŋ]
• soŋga window; window-frame, sash; soŋga karaa window; soŋga šili window-pane. [LM čongqu(n) ←Ch]
• soŋgaar backwards, back, north; soŋgaar körün- to look back; soŋgaar čoru- to walk north; moon soŋgaar later on, subsequently, henceforth. [<CT *soŋgaru]
• soŋgaargï: moon soŋgaargï further, later on, subsequent, following.
• soŋgaarla- to sit in the back row, to sit backwards (e.g. in the saddle); to be postponed.
• soŋgaarlat- to procrastinate, to postpone.
• soŋgu last; next; northern; soŋgu dün arctic night; Soŋgu Polyus North Pole; Soŋgu Amerika North America; soŋgu ada step-father; soŋgu iye step-mother.
• soŋgu- to elect, to choose; onu kežigünge soŋgu- to elect him/her as a member. [LM songγu-]
• soŋgukču elector. [LM songγuγči]
• soŋgulda election. [LM songγulta]
• soŋguzu: soŋguzu xün the day after tomorrow.
• soŋna- to remain behind.
• soŋnadïr last, later, afterwards.
• soŋnay last, later, afterwards; soŋnaygï the last.
• soŋnug-murnug one after the other.
• soo- to be or become cold, frozen, to get cold. [<CT *sogï-]
• sook cold, frost; bögün sook-tur it is cold today. [<CT *sogïk]
• sooksumaar coldish, cool; sooksumaar xat coldish wind.
• sool- (soglur) to dry out, to dry up; to run dry; (of a cow) to stop giving milk; xöölbek soglup kalgan the reservoir has dried up; karak sool- of the eyes to become blind; karak soglur upon my word!; karak soglur körbedim upon my word, I did not see it. [<CT *sogïl-]
• sooldur- to make dry; to boil up.
• soonda (< soŋunda) after; cf. soŋ end.
• soondaa: soondaa čïlïn in two years; soonda xün in two days, on the third day.
• soondagï last, last one.
• soora not true, not correct, mistaken.
• sor- to suck. [<CT *sor-]
• sorug salt plain.
• soruk wish, desire, inspiration. [LM ĵorig]
• soruktug resolute, strong-willed, inspired, enthusiatic.
• sorulga task, goal, aim. [LM ĵorilγa]
• sorunza magnet, lodestone. [LM sorunĵa(n)]
• soržu monk’s rank. [LM čorĵi ←LT čhos-rĵe]
• soy- to tear off, to strip, to skin, to flay, to peel, to tatter; to take off; keš soy- to flay, to skin; ezer soy- to take of the saddle, to unsaddle. [<CT *soy-]
• soy- to creep, to crawl (of reptiles).
• soyaalaŋ cf. dönen four-year-old cow, bull, horse, camel or yak. [LM soyuγalang five-year-old (horse, ox); three-year-old (sheep)]
• soyasta- to creep, to crawl (of reptiles).
• soyastaarlar reptiles.
• södürt- to carry, to convey, to transport, to haul, to drag; cf. *söört-. [cf. NE *södürü- <CT *södrö-]
• södürge strap (to tie a load on the back); short lasso.
• södürgelig having a strap (to tie a load on the back), short lasso.
• sögedekte- to sit on one knee, stretching the other one out.
• sögey- to kneel.
• sögle- to speak, to tell; xop sögle- to tell gossip, to sow discord. [cf. CT *söyle-]
• söglet- to tell, to coomunicate, to pass the word; to find out, to worm out, to elicit, to extort; to be profane, to utter insults, to defame.
• sök- to divide into pieces. [<CT *sök-]
• sök-sök expression used to make camels lie down.
• söŋ treating someone to wine, regalement. [LM söng]
• söŋne- to treat someone to wine, to present gifts. [LM söngne-]
• söŋnet- to have treated, presented (wine, gifts).
• söök bone; bone clan. [<CT *söŋik]
• söök-dayak bones.
• söök-yazï race, variety of a species.
• sööl wart. [<CT *sögil]
• söölgü final, ultimate, last; söölgü arïn last page.
• söölü (its) end; söölünde eventually, finally, in the end; söölü barïp in the end, finally, afterwards.
• sööm span (the distance between the thumb and the index finger). [LM sögüm]
• söört- to carry, to convey, to transport, to haul, to drag; cf. södürt-.
• söösken Spiraea altaica. [NE]
• sös word. [<CT *söz]
• sudur sutra (lamaist book). [LM sudur ←Skt sūtra]
• sug water; river; suu its water; sugga to the water. [<CT *su:b]
• suggar- to water; to irrigate. [<CT *su:bgar-]
• suggarïlga irrigation.
• suglaŋgï blister.
• suglug filled with water. [<CT *su:blug]
• sugluk bit, bridle. [<CT *subluk]
• sugžu swimmer; water-transport worker. [<CT *su:bčï]
• suk- (sugar) to dip into, to put in, to stick in, to stuff in. [<CT *suk-]
• suksa- to be thirsty. [<CT *su:bsa-]
• suksun drink, beverage.
• sula oats.
• sula weak, feeble. [LM sula]
• sulara- to become weak. [LM sulara-]
• sularat- to make weak.
• sumu administrative division of Tuva, district. [LM sumu(n)]
• sumun ?field irrigator.
• sun- to stretch out (hand, foot), to extend. [<CT *sun-]
• sura- to look for, to inquire, to request. [LM sura-]
• surag news. [LM suraγ]
• suraglïg famous, well-known.
• suragžï- to become famous.
• suras extramarital; suras urug extramarital child.
• surga- to admonish, to exhort, to give advice, to instruct; to inspect; to agitate, to campain. [LM surγa-]
• surgaal teaching. [LM surγal]
• surgakčï instructor, inspector, commander. [LM surγaγči]
• surgakčïla- to be on a mission, to go on a business trip, to make an official journey.
• surguul student; school, institution; studies, training. [LM surγaγuli]
• surukču student, associate. [LM suruγči]
• suugu stove, oven.
• suuk liquid, fluid, watery; smooth (of hair); suuk bïdaa watery soup; suuk xïrba watery glue; suuk em tincture, liquid medicin; suuk čüül fluid. [<NE *suguk]
• suuk-xan type of blood-sausage.
• suur village, settlement; fundament, base.
• suurga tower, turret, spire. [LM suburγa(n) stupa]
• suvay not pregnant; barren (of domestic animals). [LM subai]
• suy: suy belek bride-money; wedding present; gift; reward. [LM sui]
• suyba- to stroke.
• süge axe. [LM süke]
• sügen fishing basket. [<CT *süken]
• Sümber-Uula name of a mountain (in Buddhism). [LM sümber ←Skt]
• süme advice, recommendation.
• süme floating rib.
• sümele- to advise, to recommend.
• sünezin soul, spirit. [LM sünesü(n)]
• sür- to chase, to pursue. [<CT *sür-]
• sür: sür küš power, might. [LM sür]
• sürgü large wooden board for currying hides; instrument for currying or scrubbing hides for treatment.
• sürgüle- to curry or clean hides with the help of a sürgü.
• sürlüg formidable, terrible; sürlüg küš formidable strength.
• sürüg herd, flock. [<CT *sürüg]
• sürügle- ?to walk through the herds.
• sürüš- (süržür) to chase together. [<CT *sürüš-]
• süt milk. [<CT *sü:t]
• Süt-Xöl name of a lake (Milk-lake).
• süttüg milky, with milk; süttüg šay tea with milk. [<CT *sü:tlüg]
• süür sharp; peak (pointed summit of a mountain); süür baštïg örgen stick with a sharpened end.
• süür- to scratch, to scrape.
• süürt- to sharpen.
• süürtüüš scraper; cf. sivirtkiiš.
• süzük belief, religion. [LM süsüg]