X

Etymological Legend
Ch	Chinese
CT	Common Turkic
Kh	Khalkha Mongolian
Khak	Khakas
LM	Literary Mongolian
LT	Literary Tibetan
NE	Northeastern Turkic
Rus	Russian
Skt	Sanskrit

• xa-duŋma brothers, brotherly.
• xaa servant.
• xaaglïg closed.
• xaak willow; birch; twig, rod. [<CT *kabak]
• xaak ski.
• xaalčak closed.
• xaalga door, gate. [LM qaγalγa(n)]
• xaalgačï door-keeper. [LM qaγalγači(n)]
• xaan khan. [LM qaγan]
• xaar- to fry. [<CT *kagur-]
• xaaržak box, chest. [LM qaγurčaγ]
• xaaš nasal, having a twang; xaaš kiži person having a twang.
• xaay beak, muzzle, nose; bridge of the nose; (youth speech) bread. [cf. Tofa]
• xaaya seldom, rarely.
• xaažï seam, border.
• xaažïla- to seam, to border.
• xačï scissors, shears. [LM qayiči(n)]
• xadï pine (Pinus, Coniferae). [cf. Tofa]
• xadï- of the wind to blow.
• xadïïr-sarïg dandelion.
• xadïmarla- to blow (of a breeze).
• xadïmnat- to let blow (in a breeze).
• xadïŋ birch. [<CT *kadïŋ]
• xag tinder. [<CT *kab]
• xag- (xaar) to lock, to close. [cf. LM qaγa-]
• xak- (kagar) to hit, to beat, to slap. [<CT *kak-]
• xala weight, heaviness, gravity, difficulty, trouble, exhaustiveness; nuisance, tiresomeness; aarïïgnïŋ xalazï gravity of an illness; xala čok without difficulty, trouble, easily. [LM qala]
• xala- to exchange, to take over from (turn); to demobolize; to dismiss. [LM qala-]
• xalak look at that!
• xalalïg tiresome, tiring, wearisome.
• xalap calamity, disaster; sug xalap flood, deluge.
• xalaptïg sharp, lively; damned, cursed.
• xalas free (of charge), gratuitous, for nothing, gratis.
• xalbaŋ ear-flaps of a hat; earlobe.
• xalda- to fall down upon, to attack; to influence. [LM qalda-]
• xaldaaškïn attack, advance, approach.
• xalï- to jump up, to leap. [<CT *kalï-]
• xalïïdat- to cause to become hot (fever).
• xalïïn high temperature, fever. [LM qalaγun]
• xalïïn-dogaa samovar.
• xalïïškïn leap, uprising.
• xalïmak idle, empty, shallow; capricious, restive; xalïmak kiži thoughtless person, frivolous person.
• xalïp lid (of a pot, stew-pan); cf. xalïptaaš.
• xalïpta- to cover the pot; sakpïŋnïŋ aksïn xalïpta- to cover the opening of the pot.
• xalïptaaš cf. xalïp lid.
• xalïš- to run.
• xalït- to skip, to jump, to caper, to hop, to lope; to gallop; to baste, to tack together, to sow with strong stitches; ahtka xalït- to jump on the horse.
• xam shaman; xam ïyaš sacred tree; xam kalčaa very stupid. [<CT *kam]
• xamaan connection, relation; bo čoruk ažïl-xerekke kandïg-daa xamaan čok this matter has no relation with business the whatsoever. [LM qamiya]
• xamaan quite, so-so, not too bad, well.
• xamaannïg having a family relationship, relationship between friends; having a connection, involved; mïnda meŋee xamaannïg kiži čok there is no one here to whom I relate.
• xamaarïlga relationship, connection.
• xamaarïš- to depend on, to deal with, to have to do with.
• xamaarïšpas independent: xamaarïšpas čoruun independence.
• xamaatï citizin, civil; Russian.
• xamčïk epidemic. [LM γamsiγ]
• xamïk all, whole; xamïk čon all the people, the whole nation; xamïk užur the whole matter, the whole point; xamïk užur ïnda the whole point lies in that; xamïktïŋ deerezi the best of all; xamïktïŋ murnunda the first of all; xamïktï murnay ~ xamïktï murnap before everything else; xamïktï soŋnay ~ xamïktï soŋnap after everything else. [LM qamuγ]
• xamna- to shamanise. [<CT *kamna-]
• xamnaarak lark; top (toy).
• xan blood; xan börbek (blood) corpuscle. [<CT *ka:n]
• xan- to be content; maga xan- to be satisfied; -(I)p maga xanma- to cannot get enough of; xïï xan- to be content, satisfied; to take malicious pleasure in; sagïš-setkili xan- enjoy. [<CT *kan-, LM qan-]
• xana wall, lattice of a yurt; xana solun wall news-paper; xana karaa square of the lattice of a yurt; xana kögü leather fastener (of the wooden lattice work of the yurt). [LM qana]
• xandïkara elder (a shrub). [LM γandaγari]
• xandïkšïl tendency, inclination.
• xandïkšïldïg interesting.
• xandïr deep, profound.
• xandïr- to ensure, to satisfy; to quench. [<CT *kandur-]
• xandït- to draw, to attract. [cf. LM qandu-]
• xanï deep; depth.
• xanzïra- to bleed.
• xaŋgïr phlegm of the bowels.
• xap pouch, bag; case, cover; box, package; pouch of sweetmeats (as a present); akša xavï purse; *taakpï xavï tobacco pouch; xol xavï glove, mitten; pir xap čigir a package of sugar; kurt xavï shell; čürek xavï pericardium; uygu xavï sleepy-head; čagaa xavï envelope. [<CT *ka:p]
• xap: xap bat- to descend from a mountain into a valley; to go downstream; to flow; xap olur- ~ xap čoru- to start for, to be off, to set out; xap čan- to return home; xap čokta- to ascend from valley up a mountain; to go upstream; xap kel- to arrive.
• xap-balïk snail.
• xapčïk scrotum. [<CT *ka:pčuk]
• xapïgïr swollen (of the face).
• xapïy- to swell, to be inflated (of the face).
• xapïyt- to cause to swell (of the face).
• xapta- to put in a bag, envelope, case.
• xaptaaškïn the act of putting in a bag, case.
• xaptan- to bring a pouch of sweetmeats (as a present).
• xaptat- to let put in a bag, envelope, case.
• xar snow. [<CT *ka:r]
• xar age, year of age.
• xar- to choke. [<CT *kar-]
• xara- to look at, to consider. [LM qara-]
• xaraača smokehole of a yurt, skylight.
• xaraačïgay swallow. [LM qariyačai]
• xaraada- to complain. [LM qarada-]
• xaraal guard, watch; observation point; sight, gun-sight; baškï xaraal foresight, front sight; soŋgu xaraal backsight, rear sight. [LM qaraγul]
• xaraalda- to guard, to keep watch over, to observe; to take aim, to take sight. [cf. LM qaraγalĵa-]
• xaraazï-bile as a result of; xaraazïnda by reason of.
• xaragan karagana, acacia, steppe-acacia; inek-xaragan karagana, yellow acacia; xola-xaragan karagana, white acacia; tennig-xaragan karagana (with thorns). [<CT *karagan]
• xaram greedy, miserly, stingy; xaram kiži greedy person; xaram baštïg- to have a nightmare. [LM qaram]
• xarïï answer. [LM qariγu]
• xarïï-salga responsibility.
• xarïïla- to answer. [LM qariγula-]
• xarïlzaa relation, tie, connection. [LM qarilčaγa(n)]
• xarïlzaš- to be concerned with.
• xarïlzažïïškïn relation, connection.
• xarïn on the other hand, but. [LM qarïn]
• xarlïg snowy. [<CT *ka:rlïg]
• xarlïk- to be interrupted (of breathing), to take one’s breath; to lose heart, to be cast down; *xarlïga aarak čugaala- to speak breathlessly. [cf. Khak]
• xarmak (fish) hook. [<CT *karmak]
• xartïga falcon, hawk.
• xat wind; xat deerbezi windmill. [<CT *kad]
• xatčïl ?windy.
• xatkïlaštïr wind-like.
• xaš thin cured leather; xaš čüvür breeches of thin cured leather (usually kid).
• xaš: xaš soruul mouthpiece of hard stone.
• xava small dog. [LM qaba]
• xavak forehead; peaked cap; hillock, knoll; xavak kïrïnda on the hillock. [<CT *kabak]
• xavan pig. [LM qaban]
• xavaŋ swelling, tumour. [LM qabang]
• xavar- to appear (of a corn). [<CT *ka:bar-]
• xavarïk corn, blister.
• xavïk cover, membrane, husk (of grain). [<CT *kabïk]
• xavïkta- to husk (grain).
• xavïr- to dissposses; to tax, to collect; to drive (sheep).
• xay misery, misfortune, trouble. [LM γai]
• xay- to make the round of, to walk around; to walk past, to go astray; taraa xay- to inspect the grain; oruktan xay- to lose one’s way. [LM xai-]
• xay- cf. xaydïn- to find, to track down, to roam.
• xay- to winnow; kïzïl-tas xay- to winnow wheat.
• xay-bačït misery, misfortune, trouble.
• xay-bačïttïg unfortunate, sinful; xay-bačïttïg kiži sinner.
• xaya cliff, rock. [<CT *kaya]
• xaya: xaya kör- ~ xaya körün- to look back; xaya körünmeyn maŋna- to walk without looking backwards. [<CT *kaya]
• xayaa glow; dawn; soŋgu čüktüŋ xayaazï northern lights; daŋ xayaazï dawn; deer xayaazï horizon.
• xayaala- to glow.
• xayaapča long felt strip to shut off the lower part of the lattice of the yurt. [LM qayaγabči]
• xayala- to go over a cliff, rock.
• xayaŋ cf. kožaŋ short song, ditty.
• xayaŋ cf. xayïm draw, drawn game.
• xayaŋna- cf. xayïmna- to end in a draw, drawn game.
• xayaŋnaš- to end in a drawn game together.
• xaydak milch (animal). [LM qaidaγ]
• xaydïn- to find, to track down; to rove, to roam about (of wolves, dogs); cf. xay-.
• xaydïŋ moss.
• xayïm draw, drawn game.
• xayïm whirlpool, vortex, maelstrom; xayïm čon crowd, multitude.
• xayïmna- to end in a draw, drawn game.
• xayïmna- to seethe, to boil up; to swarm with, to teem with; dalay xayïmnap čïdïr the sea is seething.
• xayïn- (xaynïr) to boil; to be enraged. [<CT *kayïn-]
• xayïndïr- to cause to boil; to enrage; kïlïk xayïndïr- to irritate, to annoy, to make angry. [<CT *kayïndur-]
• xaynïïškïn boiling; xaynïïškïn točkazï boiling point; amïdïraldïŋ xaynïïškïn rush of life.
• xaynïïškïnnïg boiling, seething, ebullient, raging, exuberant; xaynïïškïnnïg ažïl-čorudulga tireless activity.
• xayïr salty grounds. [<CT *kayïr]
• xayïra mercy. [LM qayira]
• xayïraan sad, regrettable, unfortunate. [LM qayiran]
• xayïraatï lord.
• xayïrakan name of a deity; bear. [LM qayiraqan]
• xayïralïg dear, beloved.
• xayïrga whetstone. [LM qayirγa]
• xayïrla- to award, to bestow. [LM qayirala-]
• xaylïg unfortunately; unhappy, unfortunate; sinful; cursed, damned; xaylïg, bilbeyn bardïm unfortunately I did not understand; xaylïg erni eccentric, odd fellow.
• xaylïmak a milk product made of milk skin and flour. [LM qayilmaγ]
• xaynïïškïn boiling; xaynïïškïn točkazï boiling point; amïdïraldïŋ xaynïïškïn rush of life.
• xažï- to be bent, to be crooked. [LM γaĵi-]
• xažïï side; being at the side, side-. [LM qaĵiγu]
• xeden cf. keden linnen, canvas.
• xee pattern, decoration. [LM kege(n)]
• xeekči rodent.
• xeele- to decorate, to apply an ornament. [LM kegele-]
• xeelenček patterned, decorated.
• xeelet- to let decorate, apply an ornament.
• xeeli bribe. [LM kegeli]
• xeelig decorated, with ornaments.
• xeelile- to bribe, to give bribes.
• xeelilediiškin bribe, bribing.
• xeerek of poor quality.
• xek cuckoo.
• xek-davan snowdrop (Galanthus, Amaryllidaceae).
• xek-külü wild dove.
• xeleske lizard; cf. seleske. [<NE *keleske]
• xeliŋ gelung (lamaist rank). [LM gelüng ←LT dge-sloń]
• xem river; dag xemi mountain river.
• xemčeel measure.
• xemčeg means, measures; norm, rule. [cf. LM kemĵige]
• xemdi- to gnaw (a bone); to exploit.
• xemdikče exploiter, tyrant.
• xemdilge insufferable oppression, enslavement.
• xemdiškin insufferable oppression, enslavement.
• xeme boat; girl, broad. [<CT *ke:mi]
• xemeči boatman, ferryman.
• xemele- to go by boat.
• xemir- to gnaw, to nibble, to bite. [<CT *kemür-]
• xenče born in the fall (of small livestock). [LM kenĵe]
• xendir hemp. [<CT *kendir]
• xendirbe thoracic vertebra.
• xenerten suddenly. [cf. LM genedte]
• xeŋme dried meat, jerk, jerky; dried fish; lean meagre (of a person).
• xeŋmele- to dry meat, fish, to dry-cure, to jerk
• xep dress, clothes; form; pattern. [<CT *ke:b]
• xer- to stretch. [<CT *ker-]
• xerbis slope of a steep mountain, covered with a thicket (with shrubs).
• xereežen woman.
• xeregle- to use, to employ; to need, to wish, to strive for.
• xereglet- to let use.
• xereglettin- to be used.
• xerek matter; act; act of trespassing. [LM kereg]
• xerek need, necessary. [<CT *kerek]
• xereksel device, tool, aid.
• xerektig necessary. [<CT *kereklig]
• xerel light; headlight (of a car); xün xereli sunlight. [LM gerel]
• xereme ?squirrel.
• xeril- to be stretched. [<CT *keril-]
• xerim garden; court(yard), fence.
• xerteš saddle (curvature, arch of an animals back); with a saddle-form, curved, arched; xerteš baštïg idik boots with curved toes.
• xetpe hoe, mattock; chopper. [cf. CT *ketmen]
• xetpele- to use hoe, to hammer, to chop.
• xevek millet flour. [<CT *kepek]
• xever- to swell up (of the intestines). [<CT *keber-]
• xevir form, shape; xevir čok shapeless, unelegant.
• xevirlig formed, shaped.
• xevis rug, carpet. [<CT *kebiz, LM kebis]
• xey wind, air, gas; xey sarïg heartburn. [LM kei]
• xey in vain, empty; no way; xey čugaa empty talking, boasting; xey čüve nonsense, rubbish; xey bar- to waste; xey čerge to no purpose, in vain. [LM kei]
• xey person, type, guy, fellow; er xey young man, youth; kandaay xey sen? what kind of a person are you?; öödežok xey-dir oŋ he seems a good-for-nothing.
• xey-aht: xey-aht kiir- to inspire, to lend wings to; xey-aht kiirikčizi inspirer. [cf. LM kei mori wind horse]
• xey-ot electricity; electric bulb.
• xeymer youngest son or daughter; xeymer oglu his youngest son.
• xeymer-kara dear one, beloved, sweetheart.
• xileep bread. [←Rus xleb]
• xilinček grief, torment, torture; xilinček kör- to experience grief; cf. xinček.
• xiliŋ velvet. [LM kiling]
• ximiren- to mutter, to grumble.
• xin navel. [<CT *ki:n]
• xinček cf. xilinček grief, torment, torture.
• xindik navel; crown of the head. [<CT *kindik]
• xir dirt, filth. [<CT *kir]
• xir-čam filth, dirt.
• xireendi sawdust.
• xire more or less, about, approximately; xirede only, merely. [LM kiri]
• xire possibility, means. [LM kiri]
• xiree saw. [LM kirüge]
• xirik- to become dirty, filthy. [<CT *kirik-]
• xiriktir- to make dirty, filthy. [<CT *kiriktir-]
• xirlig dirty, filthy. [<CT *kirlig]
• xïg measure, extend.
• xïg lining; idik xïï lining of a bootleg.
• xïïrgïïš reed.
• xïl a hair, a string. [<CT *kïl]
• xïlaa enamel (of the teeth).
• xïlba ramsons (Allium ursinum, Liliaceae). [NE]
• xïlïrgay very thin (paper).
• xïlïš sword. [<CT *kïlïč]
• xïmïs fermented mare’s milk, kumis. [<CT *kïmïz]
• xïmïš drinking cup; bucket; scoop. [<CT *kamïč]
• xïn sheath, scabbard. [<CT *kï:n]
• xïna- to check out, to control, to verify, to observe. [LM kina-]
• xïnattïn- to be checked out.
• xïp- (kïvar) to burn, to catch fire.
• xïr- to scrape. [<CT *kïr-]
• xïraa hoarfrost. [<CT *kïragu, LM kiraγu(n)]
• xïrba glue, paste. [cf. Khak]
• xïrbača meat reserve stored for winter (wrapped and frozen in the peritoneum).
• xïrbala- to paste, to glue.
• xïrgï scraper.
• xïrïktaaš the frame of a cross-bow.
• xïrïn stomach; belly; the skin of the belly; xïrïn tottur- to eat one’s fill. [<CT *karïn]
• xïrtïŋ cartilage of the shoulder-blade.
• xïyïr cross-eyed, with a squint; crooked. [cf. Khak]
• xïyïrak steep; steep slope.
• xïyna- to hit, to beat up; to torture.
• xleb bread; xleb bïžïrïkčïzï baker; cf. xileep. [←Rus xleb]
• xokkaš yearling deer.
• xokpaŋna- to jog, trot.
• xol arm; xol bömbüü volleyball; xol čaŋgï- to wave one’s hand. [<CT *kol]
• xola brass, copper. [LM γauli(n), γuuli]
• xol-xap glove(s), mitten(s).
• xolbaalïg relation, connection.
• xolbaš- to relate, to join, to form a relationship. [cf. LM qolbo-]
• xolbaštïr in connection with.
• xolda- to mind one’s own business; to take without permission; to seize with the hands (fish), to hold with both hands (e.g. a cup of tea).
• xolgaarla- to mind one’s own business.
• xolu- to mix, to blend, to dissolve; to shuffle (cards); to select; spirtti sug-bile xolu- to mix spirits with water; dalganga čigir xolu- to mix dough with sugar; xep xolu- to be selective in one’s choice of clothes. [LM qoli-]
• xolumak mixed, blended. [LM qolimaγ]
• xolura- to rustle, snort, to make a humming noise.
• xolurt onom. for rustling or humming noise.
• xolurtkayïn- to rustle.
• xoluš- to mix with, to interweave.
• xomuda- to pity, to feel sorry for; to complain; to demand; to sue. [LM γomuda-]
• xomudaačal touchy, susceptible, quick to take offence.
• xomudaaškïn pity; complaint; displeasure, dissatisfaction; suit.
• xomudakčï person who complains; plaintiff.
• xomudaksa- to be somewhat displeased, offended, resentful.
• xomudal pity; complaint; displeasure, dissatisfaction; suit; xomudal kiir- to lodge a complaint; xomudaldar bolgaš sanaldar depteri book of complaints and suggestions. [LM γomudal]
• xomudančïg pitiful, pitiable, poor wretched; it’s a pity that, too bad; offensive, annoying; ooŋ bögün kelbezi aray xomudančïg-dïr too bad he did not come today.
• xomudaš- to make complaints about each other, to offend each other.
• xomudat- to insult; setkilin xomudat- to insult.
• xomus mouth organ, Jew’s harp. [<CT *kopuz]
• xomusta- to play the mouth organ, Jew’s harp.
• xomut horse collar. [←Rus xomut]
• xon- to stay the night; to remain, to be at a place; -(A) xon- auxiliary of sudden action. [<CT *ko:n-]
• xonak timothy-grass.
• xonču bootleg; trouser leg.
• xondur all night (long).
• xonuk a day and a night, the period of 24 hours. [LM qonuγ]
• xonuk-xuusaa periods.
• xoo (oblong) teapot; coffee-pot.
• xoo frame (e.g. for a painting).
• xooču chronical disease; xooču aarïg chronical disease. [LM qaγučin]
• xoočun old; xoočun šag old times; xoočun öŋnük old friend; xoočun kiži experienced person. [LM qaγučin]
• xoola- to frame.
• xoolay pipe, duct, chimney; sug agar xoolay water pipe; xoolaydan ïš dürgektelip ünüp turgan smoke was whirling up from the chimney.
• xoolu (~ xolu) nutriciousness; xoolu čok not nutricious.
• xoolulug nutricious, feeding; xoolulug čem nutricious food.
• xoor light-chestnut, fallow, tan, pale-coloured (horse coat); xoor aht fallow horse. [<CT *koŋur]
• xoor: xoor čon the people, the masses.
• xoor- to fry. [LM qaγur-]
• xooray town, city; xooray čoogu suburb.
• xoorayžï city-dweller.
• xoorgal dried-up river bed, ravine; crack, crevice (in the ice).
• xoorza pipe, duct, chimney; ïš xoorzazï chimney; sug agar xoorza water pipe.
• xootaraa millet (with drooping panicles).
• xooylu law.
• xooylu-dürüm law.
• xoozun empty, useless; xoozun čugaa empty talking.
• xoozura- to be poor; to ruin oneself.
• xoozurat- to make poor, to deplete, to ruin.
• xop gossip, slander; xop sögle- to sow discord. [LM qob]
• xop-koču gossip; mockery, ridicule, offensive joke, insult; xop-kočaa šïnzïkpas not believing in tittle-tattle.
• xopču gossip (person), gossiper, scandalmonger, slanderer. [LM qobči]
• xopta- to gossip, to slander; to complain. [LM qobla-]
• xoptaa voracity, gluttony, greed, covetousness. [cf. LM qobduγ]
• xoptak voracious, gluttonous, greedy, covetous.
• xor waste, wasteful.
• xorada- to become angry. [LM qoroda-]
• xoragay (kind of) silk.
• xoralïg bad, evil, harmful.
• xoram fit for, valid, satisfactory.
• xoran poison. [LM qoora]
• xorannïg poisonous.
• xorgada- to take refuge, to hide oneself, to lie in hiding, to steal away.
• xoru- to forbid; to lurk, to keep hidden, quiet. [<CT *ko:rï-]
• xorum heap of stones, burial mound, kurgan. [<CT *korum]
• xoržok (~ xoržak) impossible, cannot; čorbas bolza xoržok it is impossible not to go; xoržok xerek an impossible matter.
• xos emtiness; empty, free.
• xos- (xozar) to abandon; to love not, to not live together.
• xosta- to free.
• xostalga freedom.
• xostug free.
• xovagan butterfly. [cf. Khak]
• xovar seldom(ly), rare(ly); deficient(ly).
• xovu steppe, field.
• xovul gutter; drain. [LM qobul]
• xoy sheep. [<CT *koň]
• xoy bosom. [cf. <CT *koyun]
• xoygar- to let or allow to sleep together.
• xoygaš- to sleep together. [cf. CT *koyga-]
• xoygaštïr- to arrange to sleep together.
• xoyla- to put in the bosom of a garment.
• xoytpak milk that has fermented in a special manner, kumys.
• xoytpakta- to make fermented milk, kumys.
• xoyu- to become thick. [<CT *koyu-]
• xoyug dense, thick; xoyug čigir sugar lump. [<CT *koyug]
• xoyugan shy, easily scared (of a horse); xoyugan aht horse that is easily scared.
• xoyun bosom. [<CT *koyun]
• xoyžu shepherd. [<CT *koňčï]
• xödelgeen rebellion, insurrection. [LM ködelgege(n)]
• xög merriment, gaiety.
• xög- (xöör) swell up, to rise.
• xögle- to make merry, to rejoice. [cf. Khak]
• xögleeškin entertainment, joy.
• xöglüg merry, lively, jolly, cheerful.
• xögžü- to develop, to grow. [LM kögĵi-]
• xögžüt- to develop something.
• xögžülde development, progress. [LM kögĵilte]
• xögžüldelig developed.
• xögžüm orchestra; music; xögžüm xerekseli musical instrument. [LM kögĵim]
• xök amusement.
• xökpek skinny yearling goat. [<CT *kökmek]
• xökpeš titmouse.
• xöktüg amusing.
• xöl lake. [<CT *kö:l]
• xöl traveller, fellow traveller. [LM köl]
• xöl pack animal. [LM köl]
• xöl board; plank; board (for chess and other games). [cf. LM kölge(n)]
• xöl-šïdïraa chess; cf. šïdïraa.
• xölčok very, greatly, terrible; xölčok ulug very big.
• xöldüg populous, densely populated, crowded.
• xöldüg propertied, well-off, having draught-animals; cf. xölgelig.
• xöldüg approximately, roughly.
• xölčüŋ-kara sweetheart, beloved.
• xölečik ring (of a scythe). [←Rus kolečko]
• xölege shadow. [<CT *köleke]
• xölezile- to hire. [LM kölüsüle-]
• xölezilen- to be a hired hand.
• xölezilenikči hired hand, mercenary.
• xölgelig propertied, well-off, having draught-animals; cf. xöldüg. [cf. LM kölge(n)]
• xölze- to fuss, to bustle; to be worried, troubled, uneasy.
• xölzeeškin cf. xölzeezin turmoil; anxiety, alarm.
• xölzeezin (~ xölzeen) fuss, bustle, turmoil; anxiety, uneasiness, alarm; cf. xölzeeškin.
• xölzeezinnig (~ xölzeennig) fussy, fidgety; bustling, busy; anxious, uneasy, worried, troubled.
• xölzenčig anxious, uneasy, restive, worried, troubled; disturbing, alarming; xölzenčig medeeler alarming signals.
• xölzeš- to fuss, bustle, be worried together.
• xölzet- to make worried, restless, uneasy, to trouble; ol medee bügü ulustu xölzedipken this news worried all the people.
• xöm rawhide, leather; xöm portfel’ leather wallet. [LM köm]
• xöm- to bury, to inter. [<CT *köm-]
• xömdün- to be buried.
• xömeeš muzzle; halter; noose used instead of a halter.
• xömür coal. [<CT *kömör]
• xöne tether for calves or lambs. [LM kögene]
• xöne- to hobble. [LM kögene-]
• xönek teapot. [LM köneg]
• xönü direct.
• xöö soot. [LM köge]
• xöölüg covered with soot.
• xöög-xöög outcry to call cows.
• xööküy poor, miserable.
• xöölbek reservoir, pond, puddle, pool; kïlïmal xöölbekter artificial reservoirs.
• xöölbekte- to make a reservoir, to dam, to block up.
• xöölbekten- of a reservoir to form, to be dammed, blocked up.
• xöömey throat singing; xöömeyniŋ kandïg xevilerin küüsedip šïdaar siler? šuptu xevilerin küüsedip šïdaar men what styles of throat singing can you perform? I can produce all the styles. [LM kögemei pharynx, throat]
• xöömeyle- to sing in throat singing style.
• xöömeylet- to let sing in throat singing style.
• xöömeyži singer in throat singing style; Tïvada xereežen xöömeyžiler bar be? iže, bar are there women throat singers in Tuva? yes, there are; čurtuŋarda anïžak xöömeyžiler bar be? are there any young throat singers in your country?
• xöön harmony; athmosphere; mood, temper, wish, spirits; xöŋnü his/her mood, temper; xöön čem čiir xöŋnüm čogul I don’t feel like eating, I don’t want to eat; cf. köön. [<CT *köŋül]
• xöönnüg-xöönčük reluctantly, unwillingly.
• xöör grave; graveyard, cemetary.
• xööre- to seethe, to boil up, to boil over; of the sun to rise; tell with enthusiasm; to exaggerate; to exalt in; čürek xööre- to get violent, to behave violently. [LM kögere-]
• xöörem exaggerated.
• xööreš- to discuss, to converse.
• xöörük burunduk, chipmunk. [cf. NE *körük]
• xöörük-kat bearberry (the shrub and the berry).
• xöörüüs mountain ash, rowan-tree.
• xööržüt- to bury.
• xöpeen (hay)stack. [←Rus kopna]
• xör snowdrift; cf. xörtuk. [LM kör]
• xör disavowel, denial, concealment or non-recognition of a fault. [LM gör]
• xörek breast, chest; upper front part (of e.g. rocks). [<CT *kökrek]
• xörekte- to raise the voice against.
• xörekten- to raise the voice, to swear, to curse.
• xörekteš- to raise the voice, swear, curse against one another.
• xörektet- to be abused, cursed at.
• xöreŋgi sour dough; xoytpak xöreŋgizi kumys yeast. [LM körüngge(n)]
• xöreŋgi means, facilities, money. [LM körüngge(n)]
• xöreŋgiten capitalist, rich. [LM körünggeten]
• xörlee smouldering, burning without flames.
• xörleelee- to smoulder, to burn without flames.
• xörtük cf. xör snowdrift. [<CT *körtük]
• xörük bellows; xörük bas- to press the bellows. [<CT *kö:rük]
• xörükte- to operate the bellows; to blow through. [<CT *kö:rükle-]
• xöveŋ cotton. [LM köbeng]
• xöy much, many; more.
• xöyleŋ shirt. [<CT köŋlek]
• xuna he-goat, buck.
• xunaa- to deprive, to take away.
• xunan cf. kunan male or female calf or foal or yak in its third year. [LM γuna(n)]
• xuragan lamb. [LM quraγa(n)]
• xural meeting, gathering, assembly; niiti xural general assembly. [LM qural]
• xuralda- to assemble, to convene. [LM quraldu-]
• xuraldaa meeting, gathering, assembly. [LM quraldaγan]
• xuu part, share; percentage. [LM qubi]
• xuu-salïm fate, lot, portion.
• xuul- to turn into. [LM qubil-]
• xuulgaan degenerate, renegade; sorcerer, magician, wizzard; yurodivy (“God’s fool”); old fox. [LM qubilγan]
• xuuŋ (wooden) pail.
• xuuŋnuk little pail.
• xuurak monk in a Buddhist monastry. [LM qubaraγ]
• xuusaa period, time; xonuk-xuusaa periods. [LM quγučaγa(n)]
• xuvaa- to share, to divide. [LM qubiya-]
• xuvïskaal revolution [LM qubisqal]
• xuvïskaalčï revolutionary, revolutionizer. [LM qubisqalči]
• xuvïskaalčï- to be revolutionised.
• xuvïskaalčït- to revolutionise.
• xuvïskaaldïg revolutionary.
• xül ashes. [<CT *kül]
• xülbüs roebuck; cf. külbüs. [<CT *külmiz]
• xülčük swarm of midges.
• xülčüktel- of midges to swarm.
• xülee- to receive (a guest); to take (a decision); to recognise as; to take the responsibility; aalčïlarnï xüleep al- to receive the guests; šiitpirni xüleep al- to take the decision; bodunuŋ čazïïn xüleep kör- to recognise one’s mistake; buruuzun xülee- to take responsibility for one’s fault. [LM küliye-]
• xüleekči examiner, inspector.
• xüleelge obligation, duty; function; responsibility; bodunuŋ xüleelgezi küüset- to fulfil one’s rol of, to act as; xüleelge al- to take the responsibility; alban xüleelgeleri official functions. [LM küliyelge]
• xüleen- to take the obligation of, to pledge oneself.
• xüleendir- to oblige, to commission, to charge with.
• xüleeniš- to commit to one another, to take the obligation together; to transfer to one another.
• xüleeš- to commit to one another, to take the obligation together; to transfer to one another.
• xüleet- to oblige, to commission, to charge with, to hand over, to hand in; ažïldï xüleedip ber- to hand over the work to; xarïïsalga xüleet- to bring to trial, to make answerable for, to institute proceedings against.
• xüler bronze. [LM küler ~ kürel]
• xülümzüre- (~ xülümzürü-) to smile. [<CT *külümsire-]
• xümüš silver. [<CT *kümüš]
• xün day; sun; xün dudum all day. [<CT *kün]
• xündü honour, respect, esteem. [LM kündü]
• xündülüg honoured.
• xündüle- to honour, to respect, to esteem. [LM kündüle-]
• xündülel respect, esteem. [LM kündülel]
• xündüs in daytime; xündüskü čïrïk daylight. [<CT *kündüz]
• xündütkel respect, esteem.
• xündütlel respect, esteem.
• xünezin provisions, lunch. [LM künesü(n)]
• xünneečel jealous; xünneečel kiži jealous person.
• xünnüŋ every day, daily.
• xünze- to pass the day.
• xür satisfied; prosperous; healthy. [<CT *kür]
• xüree temple, monastery. [LM küriye(n)]
• xüree-xag puff-ball (a mushroom).
• xüree-xiit church, temple.
• xüreele- to surround, to gather round, to encirle, to crowd. [LM küriyele-]
• xüreeleeškin milieu, surroundings; kapitalistig xüreeleeškin capitalist milieu.
• xüreelel milieu, surroundings.
• xüreeleŋ milieu, surroundings, ranks; partiyanïŋ xüreeleŋi the ranks of the party; komsomolču xüreeleŋ the Komsomol ranks. [LM küriyeleng]
• xüreelet- to be surrounded, encirled.
• xüreelettir- to be surrounded, encirled.
• xüreŋ brown. [LM küreng]
• xüreš a wrestling match, wrestling.
• xüreš- to wrestle. [<CT *küreš-]
• xürgül brown.
• xürtü screw, propeller, motor. [LM kürdü(n)]
• xürüm (religious) service, joint prayer. [LM gürim ←LT sku-rim]
• xüürek spade; (coll.) spoon. [<CT *kürek]